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Preparation of stearic acid/halloysite intercalation compound and their reinforcement for styrene butadiene rubber composite

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Abstract

Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are not only promising as reinforcing fillers for rubber materials but also have potential for storing stearic acid (SA), an important sulfurization agent. In this study, SA/HNT intercalation compounds were prepared by a secondary intercalation method to improve the mechanical properties of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) composites. The intercalation compounds were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thermogravimetry. SA molecules successfully intercalated into the interlayer of the HNTs, with d001 increasing from 0.72 to 3.89 nm, and the intercalation rate of SA/HNTs reached 89.6%. The intercalation compound modified the processing properties and significantly improved the mechanical parameters of the filled SBR composites. The tensile and tear strengths of the obtained composites were improved by 454.1% and 193.5%, respectively, compared to those of the raw rubber material. The crosslinking density of the filled composites gradually increased with increasing filler content. SEM and TEM images indicated that the SA/HNT intercalation compound was physically dispersed in the SBR matrix. Further, many nanotubes exhibited a bending phenomenon caused by processing. The reinforcement effect of the intercalation compound is ascribed to its physical dispersion in the rubber matrix, which restricts rubber chain motion via trapping of the rubber chains and strong interactions between the rubber chains and SA functional groups.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation Project of China (52064040), the National Natural Science Foundation Project of China (11562015), the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia (2018MS05061).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, 010051, China

    Kaiyuan Xiao, Yinmin Zhang, Yongfeng Zhang & Yanbing Gong

  2. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Efficient Recycle Utilization for Coal-Based Waste, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot, 010051, China

    Kaiyuan Xiao, Yinmin Zhang, Yongfeng Zhang & Yanbing Gong

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  1. Kaiyuan Xiao
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Writing, Visualization: Kaiyuan Xiao; Supervision, Funding acquisition: Yinmin Zhang; Software, Formal analysis: Yongfeng Zhang; Resources, Conceptualization: Yanbing Gong.

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Correspondence to Yinmin Zhang or Yanbing Gong.

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Xiao, K., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. et al. Preparation of stearic acid/halloysite intercalation compound and their reinforcement for styrene butadiene rubber composite. J Polym Res 29, 451 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-022-03275-0

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