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Fabrication and characterization of waterborne polyurethane (WPU) with aluminum trihydroxide (ATH) and mica as flame retardants

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Abstract

Flame-retardant polymer composites with specific, finely dispersed fillers were obtained using eco-friendly water-based polyurethane adhesives for coatings on wood panels and were composed of waterborne polyurethane (WPU), aluminum trihydroxide (ATH) and mica. WPU was synthesized from the polycondensation of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polyethylene glycol (PEG), poly(propylene glycol) (PPG), ethylenediamine (EDA), 2,2′-bis(hydroxymethyl)-propionic acid (DMPA) and triethylamine (TEA). These composites were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), flammability testing, environmental testing and impact resistance testing. It was shown that the WPU can serve as an effective dispersant that blends with ATH and mica not only improving the dispensability properties but also enhancing the flame retardant properties. For example, the thermal decomposition temperature for a 5 % weight loss (Td 5%) reached 325 °C when the hybrid flame retardants were comprised of 10 g WPU and 100 g ATH/mica in a 15/85 ratio (10 WPU/15 ATH/85 mica). In comparison, with pure WPU, the thermal decomposition temperature for a 5 % weight loss (Td 5%) was only 255 °C. In addition, the fire retardant grade for flame retardant composites comprised of 10 WPU/15 ATH/85 mica (10/15/85 weight ratio) and wood panel reached level 2 in accordance with CNS 14705 (Chinese National Standard 14705).

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support for this research by the Ministry of Economic Affairs in Taiwan under the grant numbers 103-EC-17-A-08-S1-205 and Ministry of Science and Technology in Taiwan under the grant numbers 104-2221-E-002-159 and NSC 102-2221-E-037-001 -MY3, respectively. This study is also supported partially by Kaohsiung Medical University “Aim for the Top Universities Grant, grant No.: KMU-TP104B03”.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei City, 10617, Taiwan

    Wei-Yao Chang, Ching-Nan Chuang, Szu-Hsien Chen & Kuo-Huang Hsieh

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei City, 10617, Taiwan

    Yun-Wen Pan, Jian-Jhang Guo & Kuo-Huang Hsieh

  3. Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan

    Chih-Kuang Wang

  4. Orthopaedic Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan

    Chih-Kuang Wang

Authors
  1. Wei-Yao Chang
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  2. Yun-Wen Pan
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  3. Ching-Nan Chuang
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  4. Jian-Jhang Guo
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  5. Szu-Hsien Chen
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  6. Chih-Kuang Wang
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  7. Kuo-Huang Hsieh
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Correspondence to Chih-Kuang Wang or Kuo-Huang Hsieh.

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Chang, WY., Pan, YW., Chuang, CN. et al. Fabrication and characterization of waterborne polyurethane (WPU) with aluminum trihydroxide (ATH) and mica as flame retardants. J Polym Res 22, 243 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-015-0888-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-015-0888-y

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