Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

A kinetics study of diacrylic-styrene crosslinking copolymerization

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Polymer Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Unsaturated acrylic resins such as hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) are widely used in coating and adhesive materials because they provide excellent bonding properties and cosmetic surface finish. Styrene (St) monomer is often added to reduce the resin viscosity and facilitate acrylic reaction. In this study, we used an integrated analytical approach including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, and rheometry, to monitor the kinetic and rheological changes of the diacrylic-styrene cross-linking polymerization at 100, 110 and 120 °C. Tert-butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) was used as initiator. It was found the reaction system gelled at <2 % conversion and overall conversions could only reach 94–95 % because of resin vitrification, suggesting most addition reactions were diffusion-controlled due to very low molecular mobility in the gel stage. Although conversions of HDDA and St, calculated from respective characteristic C=C absorption peak areas from isothermal FTIR sepectrum, followed the azeotropic co-polymerization pathway closely, styrene consumption was favored because of the lower molecular weight and higher mobility of styrene making it transfer comparatively faster than HDDA with pending double bonds.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Scheme 1
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Vijayendran BR, Derby R, Gruber BA (1992) Aqueous polyurethane-vinyl polymer dispersions for coating applications. Patent US5173526

  2. Shukla V, Bajpai M, Singh DK, Singh M, Shukla R (2004) Review of basic chemistry of UV-curing technology. Pigm Resin Technol 33(5):272–279

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Gungor A, Kayaman-Apohan N, Mert A, Kahraman MV (2008) Preparation and characterization of light curable hybrid coating: its potential application for dental restorative material. J Polym Res 15(5):389–395

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Chen W-H, Chen P-C, Chen P-S, Wang S-C, Yeh J-T, Chen K-N (2009) Hydrophilic UV-curable PU resins for PET micro-fiber applications. J Polym Res 16(4):329–339

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Cheng C, Bai X, Liu S, Huang Q, Tu Y, Wu H, Wang X (2013) UV cured polymer based on a renewable cardanol derived RAFT agent. J Polym Res 20(7):1–11

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Kaewpirom S, Kunwong D (2012) Curing behavior and cured film performance of easy-to-clean UV-curable coatings based on hybrid urethane acrylate oligomers. J Polym Res 19(11):1–12

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Tyagi AK, Choudhary V, Varma IK (1991) Effect of reactive diluents on curing behaviour and thermal stability of urethane methacrylate. Die Angew Makromol Chem 189:105–115

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Nuinu P, Pivsa-Art S, Hinchiranan N (2012) Mechanical and aging resistance performance of acrylic sheets containing EPDM-graft-poly(styrene-co-methyl methacrylate). J Polym Res 19(2):1–12

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Liu T, Pan X, Wu Y, Zhang T, Zheng Z, Ding X, Peng Y (2012) Synthesis and characterization of UV-curable waterborne polyurethane acrylate possessing perfluorooctanoate side-chains. J Polym Res 19(2):1–8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Abrams LM, Castro JM (2001) Powder coating of sheet molding compound (SMC) body panels. Polym Compos 22(5):702–709

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Mark HF, Kroschwitz JI (1984) Encyclopedia of polymer science and engineering. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  12. Kunwong D, Sumanochitraporn N, Kaewpirom S (2011) Curing Behavior of a UV-curable coating based on urethane acrylate oligomer: the influence of reactive monomers. Songklanakarin J Sci Technol 33:201–207

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Lee BH, Choi JH, Kim HJ (2006) Coating performance and characteristics for UV-curable aliphatic urethane acrylate coatings containing norrish type I photoinitiators. J Coat Technol Res 3:221–229

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Wang F, Hu JQ, Tu WP (2008) Study on microstructure of UV-curable polyurethane acrylate films. Progr Org Coat 62:245–250

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Yang H, Lee LJ (2001) A kinetic model for free-radical crosslinking co-polymerization of styrene/vinylester resin. Polym Compos 22:668–679

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Mathakiya I, Rao PVC, Rakshit AK (2001) Synthesis and characterization of styrene–acrylic ester copolymers. J Appl Polym Sci 79:1513–1524

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Mr. Elliott Strauss of Omnova Solutions Inc. in Akron, Ohio for providing the initiator, Tert-butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) for this work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    Xilian Ouyang & L. James Lee

  2. Department of Integrated System Engineering, The Ohio State University, 1971 Neil Ave., Columbus, OH, 43210, USA

    Seung-Hyun Ko & Jose Castro

Authors
  1. Xilian Ouyang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Seung-Hyun Ko
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jose Castro
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. L. James Lee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to L. James Lee.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ouyang, X., Ko, SH., Castro, J. et al. A kinetics study of diacrylic-styrene crosslinking copolymerization. J Polym Res 22, 148 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-015-0793-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-015-0793-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation