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The complex landscape of intracellular signalling in protein modification under hyperglycaemic stress leading to metabolic disorders

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Abstract 

Hyperglycaemia is a life-threatening risk factor that occurs in both chronic and acute phases and has been linked to causing injury to many organs. Protein modification was triggered by hyperglycaemic stress, which resulted in pathogenic alterations such as impaired cellular function and tissue damage. Dysregulation in cellular function increases the condition associated with metabolic disorders, including cardiovascular diseases, nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. Hyperglycaemic stress also increases the proliferation of cancer cells. The major areas of experimental biomedical research have focused on the underlying mechanisms involved in the cellular signalling systems involved in diabetes-associated chronic hyperglycaemia. Reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress generated by hyperglycaemia modify many intracellular signalling pathways that result in insulin resistance and β-cell function degradation. The dysregulation of post translational modification in β cells is clinically associated with the development of diabetes mellitus and its associated diseases. This review will discuss the effect of hyperglycaemic stress on protein modification and the cellular signalling involved in it. The focus will be on the significant molecular changes associated with severe metabolic disorders.

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Acknowledgements

Hamda Khan is highly thankful to the DS Kothari Fellowship (DSK-PDF) Award No. F.4-2/2006 (BSR)/BL/20-21/0373 for providing fellowship as Post Doctoral Fellow.

Funding

The authors are thankful to the UGC-DS Kothari Fellowship (DSKPDF) scheme (No.F.4–2/2006 (BSR)/BL/20–21/0373), New Delhi for providing financial assistance to Dr. Hamda Khan in the form post doctoral fellowship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, 202002, Aligarh, India

    Hamda Khan, Rizwan Ahmad, Safia Habib &  Moinuddin

  2. Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Mangalayatan University, Aligarh, India

    Afreen Khanam & Arbab Husain

  3. Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India

    Adnan Ahmad Khan

  4. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia

    Saheem Ahmad

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  1. Hamda Khan
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H. Khan and A. Khanam contributed in writing. A. A. Khan, R. Ahmad, and A. Husain done editing. S. Habib, S. Ahmad, and Moinuddin organized the structure of review.

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Khan, H., Khanam, A., Khan, A.A. et al. The complex landscape of intracellular signalling in protein modification under hyperglycaemic stress leading to metabolic disorders. Protein J (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10930-024-10191-3

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