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Dynamics of Laser Ablation in Superfluid \(^4\hbox {He}\)

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Abstract

Pulsed laser ablation of metal targets immersed in superfluid \(^4\hbox {He}\) is visualized by time-resolved shadowgraph photography and the products are analyzed by post-experiment atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements. The expansion dynamics of the gaseous ablation half-bubble on the target surface appears underdamped and follows the predicted behavior for the thermally induced bubble growth mechanism. An inherent instability of the ablation bubble appears near its maximum radius and no tightly focused cavity collapse or rebound events are observed. During the ablation bubble retreat phase, the presence of sharp edges in the target introduces flow patterns that lead to the creation of large classical vortex rings. Furthermore, on the nanometer scale, AFM data reveal that the metal nanoparticles created by laser ablation are trapped in spherical vortex tangles and quantized vortex rings present in the non-equilibrium liquid.

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Acknowledgments

Financial support from the National Science Foundation Grants CHE-1262306 and DMR-1205734 is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University at Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff St., Northridge, CA, 91330, USA

    X. Buelna, E. Popov & J. Eloranta

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  1. X. Buelna
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  2. E. Popov
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  3. J. Eloranta
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Correspondence to J. Eloranta.

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Buelna, X., Popov, E. & Eloranta, J. Dynamics of Laser Ablation in Superfluid \(^4\hbox {He}\) . J Low Temp Phys 186, 197–207 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-016-1668-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10909-016-1668-8

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