Abstract
In this study, we present the results of a careful analysis of cross sections of some important iron (Fe) group target elements (20 ≤ Z≤28) for astrophysical (n, p) reactions such as Si, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Co and Ni used in neutron activation analysis have been investigated. The new calculations on the excitation functions of 28 Si(n, p) 28 Al, 29 Si(n, p) 29 Al, 42 Ca(n, p) 42 K, 45 Sc(n, p) 45 Ca, 46 Ti(n, p) 46 Sc, 51 V(n, p) 51 Ti, 52 Cr(n, p) 52 V, 53 Cr(n, p) 53 V, 54 Fe(n, p) 54 Mn, 57 Fe(n, p) 57 Mn, 59 Co(n, p) 59 Fe, 58 Ni(n, p) 58 Co and 60 Ni(n, p) 60 Co reactions have been carried out up to 25 MeV incident neutron energy. In these calculations, the pre-equilibrium and equilibrium effects have been investigated. Equilibrium effects are calculated according to the Weisskopf–Ewing model. The pre-equilibrium calculations involve the geometry dependent hybrid model, hybrid model and equilibrium model. Also in the present work, these reaction cross-sections have been calculated by using evaluated empirical formulas developed by Tel et al. at 14.7 MeV energy. The calculations are compared with existing experimental data as well as with evaluated data files (Experimental Nuclear Reaction Data (EXFOR). According to these calculations, we assume that these model calculations can be applied to some heavy elements, ejected into interstellar medium by dramatic supernova events.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
M. Sahan, İ. Yeğingil, Ü. Kızıloğlu, N. Aksaker, M. Akyılmaz, Chin. J. Astron. Astrophys. 5, 2–211 (2005)
S.L. Tufte, PhD. Thesis, University Of Wisconsin, Madison, 1997
C.H.M. Broeders, A.Y. Konobeyev, Yu.A. Korovin, V.P. Lunev, M. Blann, ALICE/ASH—pre-compound and evaporation model code. FZK 7183, (2006) http://bibliothek.fzk.de/zb/berichte/FZKA7183.pdf
V.F. Weisskopf, D.H. Ewing, Phys. Rev. 57, 472 (1940)
R.A. Forrest, J. Kopecky, Fusion Eng. Des. 82, 73 (2007)
M. Belgaid, M. Asghar, Appl. Radiat. Isot. 49, 1497 (1998)
Yu.A. Korovin, Y.A. Konobeyev, Nucl. Instr.Meth. B 103, 15 (1995)
E. Tel, Ş. Okuducu, A. Aydin, B. Şarer, G. Tanir, Acta Phys. Slov. 54(2), 191 (2004)
S.L. Goyal, P. Gur, Pramana J. Phys. 72(2), 355 (2009)
E. Tel, M. Şahan, A. Aydın, M. Bölükdemir, H. Şahan, F.A. Uğur, J. Fusion Energ. 30(1), 26 (2011)
A. Aydin, E. Tel, M. Şahan, J. Fusion Energ. 30(1), 34 (2011)
E. Tel, A. Aydın, G. Tanır, Phys Rev C 75, 32767 (2007)
M. Sadeghi, M. Enferadi, Ann Nucl Energ 38(4), 825–834 (2011)
E. Tel, B. Şarer, Ş. Okuducu, A. Aydin, G. Tanir, J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 29, 2169 (2003)
E. Betak, E. Droste, S. Mikolajewski, W. Ratynski, E. Rurarz, T. Kempisty, S. Raman, Nucl. Sci. Eng. 132, 295 (1999)
EXFOR/CSISRS (Experimental Nuclear Reaction Data File), Brookhaven National Laboratory, National Nuclear Data Center, (2009) http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/exfor/
M. Blann, H.K. Vonach, Phys. Rev. C 28, 1475 (1983)
S. Şahin, S. Übeyli, J. Fusion Energ. 27, 271 (2008)
M.H. Bölükdemir, E. Tel, N.N. Aktı, J. Fusion Energ. 29, 13 (2010)
M. Furuta, T. Shimizu, H. Hayashi, I. Miyazaki, H. Yamamoto, M. Shibata, K. Kawade, Ann Nucl Energ 35, 1652 (2008)
T. Chimoye, T. Vilaithong, N. Chirapatpimol, Z. Phys. A At. Nucl. 325(69), 198609 (1986)
A.V. Cohen, P.H. White, Nucl. Phys. 73, 1 (1965)
J. Csikai, Z. Lantos, S. Sudar, T. Chimoye, T. Vilaithong, N. Chirapatpimol, Z. Phys. A At. Nucl. 325, 69 (1986)
M. Herman, A. Marcinkowski, J. Dresler, U. Garuska, Report INR-1871/I/PL/A 13, 8007 (1980)
Y. Ikeda, C. Konno, K. Oishi, T. Nakamura, H. Miyade, K. Kawade, H. Yamamoto, T. Katoh, Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Report JAERI-1312 (1988)
J.M.F. Jeronymo, G.S. Mani, J. Olkowski, A. Sadeghi, C.F. Williamson, Nucl. Phys. 47, 1–157 (1963)
A. Fessler, Y. Ikeda, J.W. Meadows, A.J.M. Plompen, D.L. Smıth, Nucl. Sci. Eng. 134, 2–171 (2000)
W. Mannhart, D. Schmidt, The Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), 53, 147 (2007)
Y. Kasugai, H. Yamamoto, K. Kawade, T. Iiia, J. Ann. Nucl. Energ. 25(1–3), 23 (1998)
K. Kawade, H. Yamamoto, T. Kobayashi, T. Katoh, T. Iida, A. Takahashi, A. Taniguchi, T. Ikuta, JAERI-M-92-020 (1992)
J. Csikai, S. Nagy, Nucl. Phys. A 91, 222 (1967)
P. Holmberg, M. Hyvoenen, M. Tarvainen, J. Ration. Chem. 42, 477 (1978)
V.N. Levkovskiy, G.E. Kovel’skaja, G.P. Vinitskaja, V.M. Stepanov, V.V. Sokol’sky, Yad. Fiz. 8(1), 7 (1968)
B. Minetti, A. Pasquarelli, Nuovo Cimento B44, 460 (1966)
W. Nagel, J. Nucl Energ 20, 475 (1966)
R. Pepelnik, B. Anders, B.M. Bahal, Conf Proc. Santa 1, 211 (1985)
P.N. Tiwari, E. Kondaiah, Phys. Rev. 167, 1091 (1968)
N.I. Molla, S. Basunia, R.U. Miah, S.M. Hossain, M. Rahman, S. Spellerberg, S.M. Qaim, Radiochim. Acta 80, 189 (1998)
M. Bostan, S.M. Qaim, Phys. Rev. C 49, 266 (1994)
P. De-Regge, R. Dams, J. Hoste, RCA 10, 156 (1968)
R. Muenze, K. Jantsch, O. Hladik, Kernenergie 4, 293 (1961)
H. Liskien, A. Paulsen, Nucl. Phys. 63, 393 (1965)
S.K. Ghorai, J.R. Cooper, J.D. Moore, W.L. Alford, J. Nucl. Energ. 25, 319 (1971)
H.-L. Lu, D.-H. Wang, Y.-J. Xia, Y.-F. Cui, P.-L. Chen, INDC (CPR)-16 (1989)
Y. Lukic, E.E. Carroll, Nucl. Sci. Eng. 43, 233 (1971)
N.I. Molla, S.M. Qaim, M. Uhl, Phys. Rev. C 42(4), 1540 (1990)
M. Viennot, M. Berrada, G. Paic, S. Joly, Nucl. Sci. Eng. 108, 289 (1991)
M. Bormann, S. Cierjacks, E. Fretwurst, K.J. Giesicke, H. Neuert, H. Pollehn, Zeitschr. Phys. 174 (1963)
T. Katoh, K. Kawade, H. Yamamoto, Report JAERI-M-89-083 (1989)
P. Reimer, V. Avrigeanu, A.J.M. Plompen, S.M. Qaim, Phys. Rev. C 65(1), 014604 (2002)
K. Fang, S. Xu, C. Lan, X. Xu, X. Konga, R. Liu, L. Jiang, Appl. Radiat. Isot. 66, 1104 (2008)
A. Fessler, E. Wattecamps, D.L. Smith, S.M. Qaim, Phys. Rev. C 58, 996 (1998)
S.K. Ghorai, J.R. Williams, W.L. Alford, J. Phys. 405, G13 (1987)
K. Kawade, H. Yamamoto, T. Yamada, T. Katoh, T. Iida, A. Takahashi, Report JAERI-M-90-171, (1990)
K.T. Osman, F.I. Habbani, NDC (SUD)-001 (1996)
B.M. Bahal, R. Pepelnik, Report GKSS-85-E-11 (1985)
H.D. Luc, P.N. Ngoc, N. Van Do, L.B. Bach, Report INDC(VN)-5 (1986)
A. Ercan, M.N. Erduran, M. Subasi, E. Gueltekin, G. Tarcan, A. Baykal, M. Bostan, 91JUELIC, 376, 376–377 (1991)
T.D. Thiep, N. Van Do, T.T. An, N.N. Sona, Nucl. Phys. A 722, 568 (2003)
T. Rönnqvist, H. Condé, N. Olsson, E. Ramström, R. Zorro, J. Blomgren, A. Håkansson, A. Ringbom, G. Tibell, O. Jonsson, L. Nilsson, P.U. Renberg, S.Y. Van der Werf, W. Unkelbach, F.P. Brady, Nucl. Phys. A 563(2), 225 (1993)
M.B. Aufderheide, Nucl. Phys. A 526(1), 161 (1991)
A.A. Filatenkov, S.V. Chuvaev, V.N. Aksenov, V.A. Yakovlev, A.V. Malyshenkov, S.K. Vasil’ev, M. Avrigeanu, V. Avrigeanu, D.L. Smith, Y. Ikeda, A. Wallner, W. Kutschera, A. Priller, P. Steier, H. Vonach, G. Mertens, W. Rochow, Report: Khlopin Radiev. Inst., Leningrad Reports, 252 (1999)
J.W. Meadows, D.L. Smith, L.R. Greenwood, L.P. Geraldo, W. Mannhart, G. Boerker, G. Mueller, 91JUELIC, 288 (1991)
A. Paulsen, R. Widera, F. Arnotte, H. Liskien, Report NEANDC(E)-202U 3. Nucl. Sci. Eng. 72 113, (1979)
F. Habbani, G. Paic, Appl. Rad. Isot. 39, 10–1041 (1988)
H. Pollehn, H. Neuert, Z. Naturforsch. A16, 227 (1961)
S.M. Qaim, N.I. Molla, Nucl. Phys. A 283, 269 (1977)
J.J. Singh, Trans. Am. Nucl. Soc. 15, 147 (1972)
M. Viennot, A.A. Haddou, A. Chiadli, G. Paic, International Conference on Nuclear Data for Science and Technology, Belgium, Antwerp, 1982, 406, Report MOH-5 (1982) 10, Report MOH-4, 12 (1981)
V. Avrigeanu, S. Sudar, C.M. Buczko, J. Csikai, A.A. Filatenkov, S.V. Chuvaev, R. DocZi, V. Semkova, V.A. Zelenetsky, Phys. Rev. C 60 017602 (1999)
X. Huang, W. Yu, X. Han, W. Zhao, H. Lu, J. Chen, Z. Shi, G. Tang, G. Zhang, Nucl. Sci. Eng. 131, 267 (1999)
N.I. Molla, R.U. Miah, M. Rahman, A. Akhter, Conference on Nuclear Data for Science and Technology, Juelich 355 (in Germany) (1991)
V. Semkova, V. Avrigeanu, T. Glodariu, A.J.M. Plompen, P. Reimer, D.L. Smith, S. Sudar, A. Koning, R. Forrest, Nucl. Phys. A 730, 255 (2004)
L. Tingyan, S. Zhaomin, L. Hanlin, Z. Wenrong, Y. Weixiang, Y. Xialin, High Energ. Phys. Nucl. Phys. 16(2), 151 (1992)
Y. Junqian, W. Yongchang, K. Xiangzhong, Y. Jingkang, High Energ. Phys. Nucl. Phys. 16(1), 57 (1992)
R. Doczi, V. Semkova, A. Fenyvesi, N. Yamamuro, C.M. Buczko, J. Csikai, Nucl. Sci. Eng. 129, 164 (1998)
L. Hanlin, Z. Wenrong, Y. Weixiang, Chin. J. Nucl. Phys. 16, 3–263 (1994)
C. Konno, Y. Ikeda, K. Oishi, K. Kawade, H. Yamamoto, H. Maekawa, Report JAERI, 1, 1329 (1993)
S. Sudar, J. Csikai, S.M. Qaim, G. Stoecklin, 91JUELIC, 291 (1991)
H. Vonach, M. Wagner, R.C. Haight, NEANDC-259, 165 (1985)
M. Wagner, H. Vonach, R.C. Haight, 91JUELIC, 358 (1991)
W. Yongchang, R. Zhongliang, Y. Junqian, Y. Jingkang, X. Sicang, High Energ. Phys. Nucl. Phys. 14, 923 (1990)
M.B. Aufderheide, S.D. Bloom, D.A. Resler, G.J. Mathews, Phys. Rev. C (Nuclear Physics), 47(6), 2961 (1993)
V. Semkova, A.J.M. Plompen, D.L. Smith, Nucl. Data Sci. Technol. Santa Fe, 1, 1019 (2004)
N.I. Molla, R.U. Miah, S. Basunia, S.M. Hossain, M. Rahman, Proceedings on International Conference on Nuclear Data for Science and Technology, vol. 2. (Gatlinburg, USA, 1994), pp. 938
L. Tingyan, S. Zhaomin, L. Hanlin, Z. Wenrong, Y. Weixiang, Y. Xialin, High Energ. Phys. Nucl. Phys. 14(6), 542 (1990)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sahan, M., Tel, E., Aydin, A. et al. Investigation of Some Stellar Iron Group Fusion Materials for (n, p) Reactions. J Fusion Energ 31, 52–64 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10894-011-9430-3
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10894-011-9430-3