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The thermal stability of hydroxyapatite in biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics

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Abstract

Biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics (BCP) comprising a mix of non-resorbable hydroxyapatite (HA) and resorbable β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) are particularly suitable materials for synthetic bone substitute applications. In this study, HA synthesised by solid state reaction was mechanically mixed with β-TCP, then sintered to form a suite of BCP materials with a wide range of HA/β-TCP phase content ratios. The influence of sintering temperature and composition on the HA thermal stability was quantified by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The pre-sinter β-TCP content was found to strongly affect the post-sinter HA/β-TCP ratio by promoting the thermal decomposition of HA to β-TCP, even at sintering temperatures as low as 850 °C. For BCP material with pre-sinter HA/β-TCP = 40/60 wt%, approximately 80% of the HA decomposed to β-TCP during sintering at 1000 °C. Furthermore, the HA content appeared to influence the reverse transformation of α-TCP to β-TCP expected upon gradual cooling from sintering temperatures greater than 1125 °C. Because the HA/β-TCP ratio dominantly determines the rate and extent of BCP resorption in vivo, the possible thermal decomposition of HA during BCP synthesis must be considered, particularly if high temperature treatments are involved.

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Acknowledgements

One of the authors (RN) would like to thank the SRP of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) for funding this study on the YREF program. The XRD and FTIR measurements were carried out at the National Metrology Laboratory of the CSIR, with assistance from Retha Rossouw and Eino Vuorinen respectively.

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  1. Materials Science and Manufacturing Unit, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, P.O. Box 395, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa

    R. W. N. Nilen & P. W. Richter

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  1. R. W. N. Nilen
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  2. P. W. Richter
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Correspondence to P. W. Richter.

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Nilen, R.W.N., Richter, P.W. The thermal stability of hydroxyapatite in biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 19, 1693–1702 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-007-3252-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-007-3252-x

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