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Synthesis of WO3 NPs by pulsed laser ablation: Effect of laser wavelength

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Abstract

We have investigated the impact of laser pulse wavelength on the quantity of ablated materials. Specifically, this study investigated the structural, optical, and morphological characteristics of tungsten trioxide (WO3) nanoparticles (NPs) that were synthesized using the technique of pulsed-laser ablation of a tungsten plate. A DD drop of water was used as the ablation environment at a fixed fluence at 76.43 J/cm2 and pulse number was 400 pulses of the laser. The first and second harmonic generation ablations were carried out, corresponding to wavelengths of 1064 and 532 nm, respectively. The Q-switched Nd: YAG laser operates at a repetition rate of 1 Hz and has a pulse width of roughly 15 ns. These parameters are applicable to both wavelengths and are maintained at room temperature. Results of the absorption spectra demonstrated that the quantity of material ablated is inversely proportional to the laser pulses' wavelength. FESEM and TEM images show that WO3-NPs, which were prepared by both samples, were spherical. They also show that the wavelength of laser pulses caused an increase in the particle size of NPs. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed a polycrystalline structure with a preferential orientation along the (220) plane, which corresponded to a diffraction angle of 58.84°. The energy of the optical bandgap of WO3-NPs increases with a decrease in the wavelength of laser pulses, which is calculated to be 3.4 and 3.42 eV for 1064nm and 532 nm wavelengths, respectively. The photoluminescence result agrees well with the estimated optical band gaps.

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All correspondence and requests for documents should be sent to Evan T. Salim, Maryam S. Muhsin, Makram A. Fakhri.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to express their gratitude to the Laser and Optoelectronics Department at the University of Technology for providing logistical assistance for this work

Funding

The study mentioned in this publication was completed as part of the M.Sc degree requirements at Applied Science department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq. And I fully paid my own financial assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Applied Science Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq

    Jehan A. Saimon, Maryam S. Muhsin & Makram A. Fakhri

  2. Laser and Optoelectronic Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq

    Evan T. Salim

  3. Institute of Laser for Postgraduate Studies, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

    Mustafa Hadi Amin

  4. Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq

    Raed Khalid Ibrahim

  5. Department of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Motahher A. Qaeed

Authors
  1. Evan T. Salim
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  2. Jehan A. Saimon
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  4. Makram A. Fakhri
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  5. Mustafa Hadi Amin
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  7. Motahher A. Qaeed
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Contributions

Conceptualization, ETS, JAS, MSM, MAF, MHA, RKI, MAQ; methodology, ETS, JAS, MSM, MAF, MHA, RKI, MAQ; validation, ETS, JAS, MSM, MAF, MHA, RKI, MAQ; formal analysis, ETS, JAS, MSM, MAF, MHA, RKI, MAQ; investigation, ETS, JAS, MSM, MAF, MHA, RKI, MAQ; resources, ETS, JAS, MSM, MAF, MHA, RKI, MAQ; data curation, ETS, JAS, MSM, MAF, MHA; writing—original draft preparation, MSM, MHA; writing—review and editing, ETS, MAF, RKI, MAQ; visualization, ETS, JAS, MSM, MAF, MHA, RKI, MAQ; supervision, ETS,JAS,; project administration, ETS, JAS, MAF, MHA, RKI, MAQ; Acquisition of financing, self-funding The paper has been reviewed and approved by all authors.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Evan T. Salim or Makram A. Fakhri.

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Salim, E.T., Saimon, J.A., Muhsin, M.S. et al. Synthesis of WO3 NPs by pulsed laser ablation: Effect of laser wavelength. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 35, 533 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-12249-5

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