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Investigating the kinetics of the thermolysis of 3-nitro-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) and reduced size NTO in the presence of cobalt ferrite additive

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Abstract

The co-precipitation technique was used to successfully produce nanometer cobalt ferrite (CoF). Utilizing the solvent-antisolvent approach, the reduction in the size of sensitive HEM 3-nitro-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) was effectively achieved. Using simultaneous thermal analysis, the effect of 5% by mass CoF on the thermolysis of NTO and nanosize NTO (r-NTO) was investigated. The kinetic parameter of NTO and r-NTO in the presence of CoF additive was assessed using three isoconversional methods: Flynn–Ozawa–Wall, Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose and Starink. It was found that lowering NTO’s size and adding CoF may both lower the material’s thermal breakdown temperature, with the former dropping it more significantly than the latter. The activation energy of both NTO and r-NTO was raised in the presence of CoF additive.

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Acknowledgements

Author RS is thankful to DST (SR/NM/NT-1014/2016 (G)) for providing Junior Research Fellowship. The authors are grateful to the Department of Chemistry for the research facility, the Department of Physics, Sardar Patel University, India, for providing the XRD and Raman Facility, and Indukaka Ipcowala Center for Interdisciplinary Studies in Science and Technology (IICISST) for Simultaneous thermal analysis.

Funding

The present work was funded by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Nanomission, New Delhi, India (SR/NM/NT-1014/2016 (G)).

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  1. Department of Chemistry, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand, Gujarat, 388 120, India

    Pragnesh N. Dave & Ruksana Sirach

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Both authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by RS. The first draft of the manuscript was written by RS and PD and both authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Dave, P.N., Sirach, R. Investigating the kinetics of the thermolysis of 3-nitro-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) and reduced size NTO in the presence of cobalt ferrite additive. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 34, 193 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-09643-2

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