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A review: recent advances in conductive aerogels: assembly strategies, conductive mechanisms, influencing factors and applications

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Abstract

Conductive aerogel is a material with excellent electrical conductivity and unique three-dimensional nano-network structure, formed by doping conductive fillers into the aerogel, or directly through conductive substances such as conductive polymer. In addition, it has the advantages of high porosity, high specific surface area, low density, excellent flexibility and low cost. The purpose of this review is to summarize the research status of conductive aerogels to open up new ideas for scientific research in related fields for readers. Firstly, we summarize the assembly strategies of conductive aerogel. The assembly process includes preparation and drying of the gel. In addition, the aging process is involved. Secondly, we review its conduction mechanism. Then, the effects of pressure, temperature and humidity on the properties of conductive aerogels are summarized. Notably, conductive aerogel has piezoresistive effect because of its elasticity and compressibility. Finally, based on the properties of conductive aerogels and their advantages in electrical conductivity, we summarize the applications of conductive aerogels in supercapacitor, electrocatalysis, sensors and electromagnetic interference shielding. This review summarizes the current development and application of conductive aerogel in recent years, which provides strong support for the future development of conductive aerogel.

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22102067), Science Fund of Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing (Yantai) (AMGM2023F12), Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2022MB071) and Youth Innovation Technology Support Program of Universities in Shandong Province (2023KJ213).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China

    Zongzheng Zhang, Puying Wang, Weining Zhang, Xiaohan Hu, Xin Zhang, Zhimin Gou, Wenlong Xu & Hui Zheng

  2. Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing at Yantai, Yantai, 264000, China

    Wenlong Xu

  3. Department of Production, Hangzhou Vulcan New Materials Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, 311255, China

    Xiuchen Ding

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  1. Zongzheng Zhang
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  2. Puying Wang
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  3. Weining Zhang
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  4. Xiaohan Hu
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  5. Xin Zhang
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  6. Zhimin Gou
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  7. Wenlong Xu
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Contributions

Zongzheng Zhang helped in conceptualization and writing—original draft; Puying Wang, Weining Zhang, Xiaohan Hu, Xin Zhang and Zhimin Gou investigated the study; Wenlong Xu was involved in methodology, supervision, funding acquisition, writing—review & editing; Hui Zheng helped in supervision and funding acquisition; Xiuchen Ding supervised the study.

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Correspondence to Wenlong Xu, Hui Zheng or Xiuchen Ding.

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Zhang, Z., Wang, P., Zhang, W. et al. A review: recent advances in conductive aerogels: assembly strategies, conductive mechanisms, influencing factors and applications. J Mater Sci 59, 4431–4460 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-024-09531-6

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