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Plasticized green electrolyte and table salt for energy storage applications

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Abstract

The main purpose of this research is to construct an energy storage device using green solid polymer electrolyte and nontoxic salt, due to the rising number of microplastics in the ocean that can affect our health. Activated carbon materials were used to fabricate symmetrical electrodes. A SPE system was fabricated by solution casting with chitosan (CS) and dextran as the polymer host to accommodate sodium chloride (NaCl salt) for the ionic transport process. The maximum conductivity displayed by the CSDNCG4 system is 1.09 × 10−4 S/cm. The system exhibits non-Debye behavior, as evidenced by the depressed semicircle with its diameter below the real-axis and an asymmetrical tanδ. The plasticizer boosts the ion transport parameters. Various dielectric characteristics, including dielectric loss, electric modulus and dielectric constant, are measured versus frequency. Dielectric analysis and conductivity show the same trend. Through TNM measurement, the ion fraction and its contribution were identified. The potential stability of the CS/dextran/NaCl film was found to reach 1.8 V. The capacitive behavior of the constructed EDLC was analyzed using the CV test. The Cspe was found to be 7.3 F/g at 10 mV/s.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We sincerely express our thanks to University of Sulaimani, University of Malaya, Charmo University, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, University of Cihan Sulaimaniya and Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University for financial support and providing facilities. The authors express their gratitude to the support of Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number (PNURSP2023R58), Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pusat Pengajian Citra Universiti, Jalan Temuan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

    Muhamad H. Hamsan

  2. Hameed Majid Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Research and Development Center, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Iraq

    Shujahadeen B. Aziz & Ari A. Abdalrahman

  3. Department of Physics, College of Science, Charmo University, Chamchamal, Sulaymaniyah, 46023, Iraq

    Shujahadeen B. Aziz

  4. Medical Laboratory Analysis Department, College of Health Sciences, Cihan University Sulaimaniya, Kurdistan Region, Sulaimaniya, 46001, Iraq

    Rebar T. Abdulwahid

  5. Department of Physics, College of Education, University of Sulaimani, Old Campus, Kurdistan Region, Sulaymaniyah, 46001, Iraq

    Rebar T. Abdulwahid

  6. Department of Physics, College of Science, Charmo University, Chamchamal, Sulaymaniyah, 46023, Iraq

    Mohamad A. Brza

  7. Department of Physics, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies, National Defence University of Malaysia, Sungai Besi Camp, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Norhana Abdul Halim

  8. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O.Box 84428, 11671, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Sameerah I. Al-Saeedi

  9. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Mohd F. Z. Kadir

  10. Universiti Malaya Centre for Ionic Liquids (UMCiL), Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Mohd F. Z. Kadir

  11. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Raparin, Kurdistan Region, 46012, Ranya, Iraq

    Dara M. Aziz

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  1. Muhamad H. Hamsan
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Contributions

The authors confirm their contribution to the paper as follows: SBA: Conceptualization and design of the present idea, investigated and supervised the findings of this work, approved the final manuscript. AAA carried out experimental work. MHH, MAB and RTA performed the analytic calculations and interpretation of results and were involved in manuscript preparation. NAH, MFZK, DMA and SIA contributed to conceptualization and helped in validation and reviewed the manuscript. All authors reviewed the results and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Shujahadeen B. Aziz.

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Hamsan, M.H., Aziz, S.B., Abdulwahid, R.T. et al. Plasticized green electrolyte and table salt for energy storage applications. J Mater Sci 58, 14121–14139 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-023-08895-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-023-08895-5

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