Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Functionalized superhydrophobic coatings with micro-/nanostructured ZnO particles in a sol–gel matrix

  • Chemical routes to materials
  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Among the methods to create superhydrophobic surfaces by wet chemistry, one of the strategies consists in coating the substrate with a hydrophobic polymer with specific morphology. Such elaborated surfaces are largely developed and can present complex architectures but are generally fragile. Ceramic-based coatings show better durability. In this work, a new route associating inorganic and polymeric parts is used. Surfaces with superhydrophobic properties are prepared with a mixture of zinc oxide (ZnO) particles in a hybrid organic inorganic matrix prepared via sol–gel route. ZnO particles were synthesized by the inorganic polycondensation route and exhibit an appropriate micro-/nanostructure for superhydrophobicity. Sol–gel matrix is obtained by the alkoxide route with aluminum-tri-sec-butoxide (ASB) and (3-glycidoxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GPTMS). A step of octadecylphosphonic acid (ODP) functionalization on ZnO particles and on film surfaces was employed to considerably improve hydrophobic properties. This new route enables to obtain superhydrophobic coatings that exhibit water contact angles superior to 150°. These coatings show a homogeneous and smooth coverage on aluminum alloy substrate. Results attest the significance of the synergy for superhydrophobic coatings: a micro-/nanostructured surface and an intrinsic hydrophobic property of the material. The durability of the coatings has also been demonstrated with only a slight decrease in hydrophobicity after erosion.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9
Figure 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Nosonovsky M, Bhushan B (2009) Superhydrophobic surfaces and emerging applications: non-adhesion, energy, green engineering. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 14:270–280

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Bhushan B, Jung YC (2011) Natural and biomimetic artificial surfaces for superhydrophobicity, self-cleaning, low adhesion, and drag reduction. Prog Mater Sci 56:1–108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Cassie ABD, Baxter S (1944) Wettability of porous surfaces. Trans Faraday Soc 40:546–551

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Crick CR, Parkin IP (2010) Preparation and characterisation of super-hydrophobic surfaces. Chem Eur J 16:3568–3588

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Gao D, Jia M (2015) Hierarchical ZnO particles grafting by fluorocarbon polymer derivative: preparation and superhydrophobic behavior. Appl Surf Sci 343:172–180

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Tian ZR, Voigt JA, Liu JUN, Mckenzie B, Mcdermott MJ, Rodriguez MA, Konishi H, Xu H (2003) Complex and oriented ZnO nanostructures. Nature 2:821–826

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Zheng J, Song J, Jiang Q, Lian J (2012) Superhydrophobic behavior and optical properties of ZnO film fabricated by hydrothermal method. J Mater Sci Technol 28:103–108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Wu J, Xia J, Lei W, Wang B (2010) Superhydrophobic surface based on a coral-like hierarchical structure of ZnO. PLoS One. 5:e14475

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Salek G, Tenailleau C, Dufour P, Guillemet-Fritsch S (2015) Room temperature inorganic polycondensation of oxide (Cu2O and ZnO) nanoparticles and thin films preparation by the dip-coating technique. Thin Solid Films 589:872–876

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Sun Y, Wang L, Yu X, Chen K (2012) Facile synthesis of flower-like 3D ZnO superstructures via solution route. Cryst Eng Comm 14:3199–3204

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Wu J-J, Liu S-C (2002) Low-temperature growth of well-aligned ZnO nanorods by chemical vapor deposition. Adv Mater 14:215–218

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Ennaceri H, Wang L, Erfurt D, Riedel W, Mangalgiri G, Khaldoun A, El Kenz A, Benyoussef A, Ennaoui A (2016) Water-resistant surfaces using zinc oxide structured nanorod arrays with switchable wetting property. Surf Coatings Technol 299:169–176

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Guo X, Li X (2017) An expanding horizon: facile fabrication of highly superhydrophobic coatings. Mater Lett 186:357–360

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Feng X, Feng L, Jin M, Zhai J, Jiang L, Zhu D (2004) Reversible super-hydrophobicity to super-hydrophilicity transition of aligned ZnO nanorod films. J Am Chem Soc 126:62–63

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Zhang D, Wang L, Qian H, Li X (2016) Superhydrophobic surfaces for corrosion protection: a review of recent progresses and future directions. J. Coatings Technol Res 13:11–29

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Sue K, Kimura K, Murata K, Arai K (2004) Effect of cations and anions on properties of zinc oxide particles synthesized in supercritical water. J Supercrit Fluids 30:325–331

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Anžlovar A, Kogej K, Orel ZC, Žigon M (2014) Impact of inorganic hydroxides on ZnO nanoparticle formation and morphology. Cryst Growth Des 14:4262–4269

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Uekawa N, Yamashita R, Jun Wu Y, Kakegawa K (2004) Effect of alkali metal hydroxide on formation processes of zinc oxide crystallites from aqueous solutions containing Zn(OH) 2−4 ions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 6:442–446

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Rahoui S, Turq V, Bonino J-P (2013) Effect of thermal treatment on mechanical and tribological properties of hybrid coatings deposited by sol–gel route on stainless steel. Surf Coatings Technol 235:15–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Cambon JB, Ansart F, Bonino JP, Turq V (2012) Effect of cerium concentration on corrosion resistance and polymerization of hybrid sol-gel coating on martensitic stainless steel. Prog Org Coatings 75:486–493

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Meiffren V, Dumont K, Lenormand P, Ansart F, Manov S (2011) Development of new processes to protect zinc against corrosion, suitable for on-site use. Prog Org Coatings 71:329–335

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Ebert D, Bhushan B (2012) Transparent, superhydrophobic, and wear-resistant coatings on glass and polymer substrates using SiO2, ZnO, and ITO nanoparticles. Langmuir 28:11391–11399

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Nishimoto S, Kubo A, Nohara K, Zhang X, Taneichi N, Okui T, Liu Z, Nakata K, Sakai H, Murakami T, Abe M, Komine T, Fujishima A (2009) TiO2-based superhydrophobic-superhydrophilic patterns: fabrication via an ink-jet technique and application in offset printing. Appl Surf Sci 255:6221–6225

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Williamson GK, Hall WH (1953) X-ray line broadening from filed aluminium and wolfram. Acta Metall 1:22–31

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Mote V, Purushotham Y, Dole B (2012) Williamson-Hall analysis in estimation of lattice strain in nanometer-sized ZnO particles. J Theor Appl. Phys. 6:6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Lujun Y, Maojun Z, Changli L, Li M, Wenzhong S (2012) Facile synthesis of superhydrophobic surface of ZnO nanoflakes: chemical coating and UV-induced wettability conversion. Nanoscale Res Lett 7:216

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Nakajima A, Abe K, Hashimoto K, Watanabe T (2000) Preparation of hard super-hydrophobic films with visible light transmission. Thin Solid Films 376:140–143

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Li H, Lai Y, Huang J, Tang Y, Yang L, Chen Z, Zhang K (2015) Multifunctional wettability patterns prepared by laser processing on superhydrophobic TiO2 nanostructured surfaces. J Mater Chem B 3:342–347

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Li Y, Chen S, Wu M, Sun J (2014) All spraying processes for the fabrication of robust, self-healing, superhydrophobic coatings. Adv Mater 26:3344–3348

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Yuan Z, Bin J, Wang M, Huang J, Peng C, Xing S, Xiao J, Zeng J, Xiao X, Fu X (2014) Preparation of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/CaCO3 based superhydrophobic coating. Surf Coat Technol 254:97–103

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank C. Routaboul for ATR-IR analyses and Y. Thimont for AFM images. The authors whose names are listed above as co-authors certify that they have NO affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial or non-financial interest in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse Cedex 9, France

    Q. Boyer, S. Duluard, C. Tenailleau, F. Ansart, V. Turq & J. P. Bonino

Authors
  1. Q. Boyer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. S. Duluard
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. C. Tenailleau
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. F. Ansart
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. V. Turq
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. J. P. Bonino
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to C. Tenailleau.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (TIFF 82 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Boyer, Q., Duluard, S., Tenailleau, C. et al. Functionalized superhydrophobic coatings with micro-/nanostructured ZnO particles in a sol–gel matrix. J Mater Sci 52, 12677–12688 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-017-1379-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-017-1379-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation