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Preparation and properties of multi-walled carbon nanotube/poly(organophosphazene) composites

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Abstract

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are promising materials because of their unique properties. However, the poor solubility in solvents limits the function of CNTs and hinders their applications in many fields. Surface modification of CNTs with polymers is an efficient method to solve this problem. Several polymers were tested for the preparation of CNT dispersions. In comparison with organic polymers, poly(organophosphazenes) are highly stable macromolecules with adjustable properties which depend on the side groups. This article is to describe the synthesis of thermally stable and soluble multi-walled CNT/poly(organophosphazene) composites. The poly(organophosphazene)s substituted with (a) 100 % quaternary protonated pyridinoxy (PPY), (b) 50 % quaternary protonated pyridinoxy and 50 % a long aliphatic chain alcohol (1-dodecanol) (PDK), and (c) 50 % quaternary protonated pyridinoxy and 50 % a glycol ether [(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol] (PET) have been synthesized. f-MWCNT/poly(organophosphazene) composites have been prepared by the treatment of the functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNT) with the protonated polyphosphazenes (PPY, PDK, and PET) using different feed ratios [R feed = 1:1, 1:3, 1:5, 1:10 (w:w)]. The thermal stability of prepared composites (f-MWCNT/PPY, f-MWCNT/PDK, and f-MWCNT/PET) have been investigated by TGA. By considering thermal stabilities and solubility of all prepared composites, f-MWCNT/PPY1:5, f-MWCNT/PDK1:5, and f-MWCNT/PET1:5 have been chosen as optimum composite composition and characterized by 31P NMR, 1H NMR, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and EDX analysis. The morphologic characterizations of the f-MWCNT/PPY1:5, f-MWCNT/PDK1:5, f-MWCNT/PET1:5 nanocomposites have been carried out by HRTEM. Excellent dispersions of the nanocomposites in water and common organic solvents have been achieved. The solubility and thermal stability of nanocomposites depend on the side groups on poly(organophosphazene).

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Gebze Institute of Technology (GIT) for the provided financial support. The authors would like to thank to Prof. Dr. Ali ATA for HRTEM and XRD analysis from Gebze Institute of Technology Department of Material Science and Engineering. In addition, we also acknowledge the use of Raman facilities of Yeditepe University under the supervision of Prof. Dr. Mustafa ÇULHA and Şaban KALAY.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Gebze Institute of Technology, 41400, Gebze, Turkey

    Elif Okutan, Gülşah Ozan Aydın, Ferda Hacıvelioğlu, Serkan Yeşilot & Adem Kılıç

  2. Department of Chemistry, Kocaeli University, 41380, Izmit, Turkey

    Saadet Kayıran Beyaz

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  1. Elif Okutan
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  2. Gülşah Ozan Aydın
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  3. Ferda Hacıvelioğlu
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  4. Saadet Kayıran Beyaz
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Correspondence to Serkan Yeşilot.

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Okutan, E., Aydın, G.O., Hacıvelioğlu, F. et al. Preparation and properties of multi-walled carbon nanotube/poly(organophosphazene) composites. J Mater Sci 48, 201–212 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-012-6729-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-012-6729-z

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