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Kolaviron modulates angiogenesis, apoptosis and inflammatory signaling in rat model of testosterone propionate-induced benign prostate hyperplasia

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Abstract

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a non-malignant disease of the prostate characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of the prostate gland. Inflammation and oxidative stress have been reported to play a role in the development of BPH. Kolaviron, a bioflavonoid complex of Garcinia kola seed, has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory effect. In this study, we investigated the effect of Kolaviron on testosterone propionate (TP)-induced BPH in rats. Fifty male rats were assigned in 5 groups. Groups 1 and 2 were orally exposed to corn oil (2 ml/kg) and Kolaviron (200 mg/kg/day, p.o) for 28 days. Group 3 rats received TP (3 mg/kg/day, s.c) for 14 days while Groups 4 and 6 were treated with Kolaviron (200 mg/kg/day, p.o) and Finasteride (5 mg/kg/day, p.o), respectively, for 14 days prior to TP (3 mg/kg, s.c) co-exposure for the remaining 14 days. Administration of Kolaviron to TP-treated rats reverted histological alteration and significantly decreased prostate weight, prostate index, 5α-reductase, dihydrotestosterone, androgen receptor expression, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-1β, cyclooxygenase-2, prostaglandin E2, 5-lipoxygenase leukotriene B4, inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide concentration. In addition, Kolaviron alleviated TP-induced oxidative stress and reduced the expression of Ki-67, VEGF, and FGF to almost control levels. Furthermore, Kolaviron promoted apoptosis in TP-treated rats through downregulation of BCL-2 and upregulation of P53 and Caspase 3 expressions. Overall, Kolaviron prevented BPH via regulation of androgen/androgen receptor signaling, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.

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Acknowledgements

EOF acknowledges the insightful discussion of the late Enitan A. Bababunmi, DSc, FRCPath that led to the hypothesis and original design of this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

    Ebenezer O. Farombi, Babajide O. Ajayi, Edward K. Opata, Abisoye O. Fafioye & Adetomilola T. Akinade

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  1. Ebenezer O. Farombi
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  2. Babajide O. Ajayi
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Correspondence to Ebenezer O. Farombi.

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Farombi, E.O., Ajayi, B.O., Opata, E.K. et al. Kolaviron modulates angiogenesis, apoptosis and inflammatory signaling in rat model of testosterone propionate-induced benign prostate hyperplasia. Inflammopharmacol 31, 2121–2131 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-023-01171-7

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