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Multi-Party Quantum Key Agreement Protocol Based on G-Like States and χ+ States

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Abstract

Quantum Key Agreement (QKA) is an important branch of quantum cryptography, which uses the characteristics of quantum entanglement to ensure security of the key. The multi-party quantum key agreement requires all communicants to exert the same influence on the result of the protocol, and the key cannot be determined individually. Most of the MQKA protocols that have been proposed are based on a single particle or Bell state, where each particle corresponds to only one classical bit. This paper proposes a multi-party QKA protocol based on the GHZ-like state and χ+ state, which can realize that each particle corresponds to 1.5 classical bits. The security of the protocol is guaranteed by the uncertainty of the measurement results of entanglement swapping. The results show that the proposed multi-party QKA protocol is secure, fair, and efficient, which can be implemented with existing physical technology. In addition, it is simpler and less computational in the proposed MQKA protocol.

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 6217070290 and Shanghai Science and Technology Project in 2020 under Grant No.20040501500.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China

    Hang Gao & Ri-Gui Zhou

Authors
  1. Hang Gao
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  2. Ri-Gui Zhou
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Contributions

Hang Gao and Ri-Gui Zhou conceived the theory and designed the protocol. Xiaoxue Zhang wrote the paper and contributed security analysis.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ri-Gui Zhou.

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Gao, H., Zhou, RG. Multi-Party Quantum Key Agreement Protocol Based on G-Like States and χ+ States. Int J Theor Phys 61, 16 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-022-05011-2

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