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Multi-party Quantum Key Agreement Protocol with Authentication

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Abstract

Utilizing the advantage of quantum entanglement swapping, a multi-party quantum key agreement protocol with authentication is proposed. In this protocol, a semi-trusted third party is introduced, who prepares Bell states, and sends one particle to multiple participants respectively. After that the participants can share a Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state by entanglement swapping. Finally, these participants measure the particles in their hands and obtain an agreement key. Here, classical hash function and Hadamard operation are utilized to authenticate the identity of participants. The correlations of GHZ states ensure the security of the proposed protocol. To illustrated it detailly, the security of this protocol against common attacks is analyzed, which shows that the proposed protocol is secure in theory.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants No. 61772134 and No. 61976053), Fujian Province Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 2018J01776), and Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Fujian Province University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Mathematics and Informatics, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China

    Yi-Ting Wu, Hong Chang, Gong-De Guo & Song Lin

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  1. Yi-Ting Wu
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  2. Hong Chang
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  3. Gong-De Guo
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  4. Song Lin
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Correspondence to Song Lin.

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Wu, YT., Chang, H., Guo, GD. et al. Multi-party Quantum Key Agreement Protocol with Authentication. Int J Theor Phys 60, 4066–4077 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-021-04954-2

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