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Evolution of Benincasa hispida in the Cucurbitaceae family and phylogenetic relationships of the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene family in six Cucurbitaceae species

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Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the evolution of Benincasa hispida (DGA) in the Cucurbitaceae family, as well as the phylogenetic relationships of the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) gene family in six Cucurbitaceae species. Whole genome sequencing of DGA was performed and compared to genomes of several Cucurbitaceae species that were downloaded from public databases in order to analyze the evolution of DGA in the Cucurbitaceae family. Moreover, we studied the expansion and contraction of gene families during evolution and the phylogenetic relationships of the PAL gene family in six Cucurbitaceae species. Phylogenetic analysis showed that among the Cucurbitaceae species, Cucumis melo and Cucumis sativus shared the same ancestor; Lagenaria siceraria and Citrullus lanatus shared the same ancestor; and Cucurbita maxima (CMA), Cucurbita moschata (CMO), and Cucurbita pepo (CPE) shared the same ancestor. Notably, DGA was located on a separate branch, indicating that it was the only species of its genus. CPE and CMO had closer kinship, suggesting a significant effect of regional factors on Cucurbitaceae species evolution. Moreover, there was a large amount of gene loss in the genome during evolution from the common ancestor to DGA. The PAL gene family was highly conserved during the evolution of the Cucurbitaceae family.

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Abbreviations

PAL:

Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31370358), Zhejiang Basic Public Welfare Research Project (Grant No. LGN18C150008), State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products (2010DS700124-ZZ1805).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Vegetable, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China

    Xinjuan Chen & Zhihao Xu

  2. Central Laboratory of Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China

    Fei Xu

  3. Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China

    Hua Jiang

  4. State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China

    Hua Wang

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  1. Xinjuan Chen
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  2. Fei Xu
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Contributions

X.C., H.J. and H.W. designed the project; X.C., F.X., Z.X. and H.J. performed the experiments and analyzed the data; H.J. and H.W. wrote and revised the paper. All authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Hua Wang.

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Communicated by Dawei Xue.

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Chen, X., Xu, F., Jiang, H. et al. Evolution of Benincasa hispida in the Cucurbitaceae family and phylogenetic relationships of the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene family in six Cucurbitaceae species. Plant Growth Regul 95, 157–167 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-021-00734-4

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