Abstract
The genus Arachis is endemic to South America and contains 83 described species assembled into nine taxonomical sections. The section Arachis is of particular interest because it includes the cultivated peanut (A. hypogaea) and its closely related wild species. In this study, we used 26 microsatellite markers to analyze the genetic variability and relationships of some recently collected germplasm accessions of species in the Arachis section, with emphasis on the B genome species. The knowledge of the genetic relationships among species and accessions is necessary for a more efficient management of germplasm collections and use of wild species for crop improvement. This is especially important for the B genome species, as only one accession of A. ipaënsis, the B genome donor to the allotetraploid A. hypogaea (AABB), is available in germplasm collections worldwide. The results shed more light on the genetic relationships between accessions of A. ipaënsis, A. gregoryi, A. magna, A. valida and A. williamsii, what expands the number of accessions for incorporation of useful genes from the species associated with the peanut B genome. The analyses also showed a generally high level of intraspecific genetic variability, but usually grouped the accessions according to their genome types and species. However, accessions of some species did not group as expected, and these results suggest the need of further taxonomic revision of a few taxa, especially some accessions of A. gregoryi, A. magna and A. kuhlmannii and the circumscriptions of sections Erectoides and Procumbentes.
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Data availability
An additional dataset is available as a Supplementary Material. Any other data generated during the current study is available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the support of National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) and Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology for the scholarship and grants received through project numbers: 310707/2019-6, 310026/2018-0, 312215/2013-4, 313763/2013-5, 401939/2013-8, 483860/2012-3, 561768/2010-2 and 001/2011/Projeto 43.
Funding
The authors would like to thank the financial support of the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) through project numbers 310707/2019–6, 310026/2018–0, 312215/2013–4, 313763/2013–5, 401939/2013–8, 483860/2012–3, and 561768/2010–2, and Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (Project 02.11.08.006.00). We also acknowledge the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) for the postdoctoral scholarship and grants received through project 001/2011/Projeto 43.
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ARC, MCM, and JFMV conceived and planned the study and wrote the manuscript; JFMV provided the germplasm accessions, which were multiplied by ARC for the experiment; ARC and ABS carried out the genotyping; MCM and ARC analyzed the data. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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10722_2023_1545_MOESM1_ESM.xlsx
Supplementary file 1 Matrix of pairwise genetic distances estimated by the modified Rogers’ genetic distance (Goodman and Stuber 1983) and the software BOOD (Coelho 2000). Bootstrap values estimated with 10,000 iterations are also shown.
10722_2023_1545_MOESM2_ESM.docx
Supplementary file 2 A brief account of the collection and distribution of the only available accession of Arachis ipaënsis germplasm.
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Custodio, A.R., Schmidt, A.B., Moretzsohn, M.d. et al. Genetic relationships of Arachis (Fabaceae) accessions based on microsatellite markers. Genet Resour Crop Evol 70, 1879–1893 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-023-01545-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-023-01545-4