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Understanding zebrafish sleep and wakefulness physiology as an experimental model for biomedical research

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Abstract

Sleep is a globally observable fact, or period of reversible distracted rest, that can be distinguished from arousal by various behavioral criteria. Although the function of sleep is an evolutionarily conserved behavior, its mechanism is not yet clear. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has become a valuable model for neurobehavioral studies such as studying learning, memory, anxiety, and depression. It is characterized by a sleep-like state and circadian rhythm, making it comparable to mammals. Zebrafish are a good model for behavioral studies because they share genetic similarities with humans. A number of neurotransmitters are involved in sleep and wakefulness. There is a binding between melatonin and the hypocretin system present in zebrafish. The full understanding of sleep and wakefulness physiology in zebrafish is still unclear among researchers. Therefore, to make a clear understanding of the sleep/wake cycle in zebrafish, this article covers the mechanism involved behind it, and the role of the neuromodulator system followed by the mechanism of the HPA axis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi, 110017, India

    Rima Singh & Anoop Kumar

  2. Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga-142001, Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144603, India

    Rima Singh, Deepali Sharma & Arti Singh

  3. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, HNB Garhwal University (A Central University), Chauras Campus, Distt, Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India

    Charan Singh

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Rima Singh and Deepali Sharma wrote the main manuscript text and prepared figures  Anoop Kumar and Charan Singh revise the manuscript.  Arti Singh design the layout and critically revise the manuscriptAll authors reviewed the manuscript.

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Singh, R., Sharma, D., Kumar, A. et al. Understanding zebrafish sleep and wakefulness physiology as an experimental model for biomedical research. Fish Physiol Biochem 50, 827–842 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-023-01288-0

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