Abstract
The capacity for long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) biosynthesis activity in a species depends on the enzymatic activities of fatty acyl desaturase (Fads) and elongation of very long-chain fatty acid (Elovl). The miniaturized fish Paedocypris micromegethes is a developmentally truncated cyprinid living in highly acidic water conditions in tropical peat swamps. The capacity for LC-PUFA biosynthesis in this species, which has a reduced genome size, is unknown. A high-quality de novo transcriptome assembly enabled the identification of a putative Fads2 and four Elovl. The Fads2 was verified as a P. micromegethes Fads2 ortholog with in vitro Δ5 and Δ6 activities. The Elovl sequences were established as an Elovl5, Elovl2, and two Elovl4 paralogs, namely Elovl4a and Elovl4b. These Elovl enzymes, mainly Elovl5 and Elovl2, fulfill the necessary C18, C20, and C22 PUFA elongation steps for LC-PUFA biosynthesis. Collectively, these results validate the presence of a complete repertoire of LC-PUFA biosynthesis enzymes in a peat swamp miniatured freshwater fish.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank to Michael L.S.H. for his support during the fieldwork.
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This work was supported by the Vice-Chancellor of Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM- Strategic Initiative-Ten Q1Q2, Grant number: 311. PCCB.411954.
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Conceptualization and funding: AC Shu-Chien. Planning of experiments: AC Shu-Chien, Nyok-Sean L, Meng-Kiat K and Ka-Kei S. Experiment: Ka-Kei S and Nyok-Sean L. Analysis: AC Shu-Chien, Nyok-Sean L and Ka-Kei S. Writing and editing of manuscript: AC Shu-Chien, Nyok-Sean L, Meng-Kiat K, Ka-Kei S, Lading E.
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Sam, KK., Lau, NS., Kuah, MK. et al. A complete inventory of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis pathway enzymes in the miniaturized cyprinid Paedocypris micromegethes. Fish Physiol Biochem 48, 817–838 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-022-01082-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-022-01082-4