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Effect of atrial artificial electrical stimulation on depolarization and repolarization and hemodynamics of the heart ventricle in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

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Abstract

The spatial–temporal organization of the activation, repolarization and hemodynamics of the heart ventricle in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, adapted to a temperature of 5–7 °C, were studied from the normal sinus rhythm (21.6 ± 4.9 bpm) to the highest possible heart rhythm (HR) (60 bpm), during which deterioration of the contractile activity of the myocardium occurred. Regardless of the HR, the main pattern of excitation of the heart ventricle was the movement of the depolarization wave from the dorsal areas of the base in the base-apical and ventral directions with the capture of the entire thickness of the walls, with a slight difference in the time of activation of the subendocardium compared to the subepicardium. The increase in HR above the sinus rhythm caused significant shortening of local repolarization durations in all areas and layers (endocardial, intramural and subepicardial) of the heart ventricle. Changes in local durations of repolarization led to an increase in the heterogeneity of repolarization of the ventricular myocardium; as a result, a deterioration of its contractility was observed. In relation to the sinus rhythm, the maximal systolic pressure in the heart ventricle decreased, the diastolic and end-diastolic pressure increased, and the maximum rates of pressure rise and fall decreased. In rainbow trout adapted to a temperature of 5–7 °C at sinus rhythm, the pumping function of the heart was probably within the upper limit of the physiological norm, and a further increase in the heart rate led to a decline in myocardial contractility.

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Acknowledgements

The technical assistance of Dr. Vladimir Vityazev is gratefully appreciated.

Funding

This work was conducted in the framework of the State contract of the Institute of Physiology No. GR AAAA-A17-117012310154–6) under the Program of Fundamental Research for 2013–2021.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Physiology, Federal Research Centre Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 50, Pervomayskaya str., Syktyvkar, 167982, Komi Republic, Russia

    Natalya A. Kibler, Vladimir P. Nuzhny, Sergey N. Kharin & Dmitry N. Shmakov

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  1. Natalya A. Kibler
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  2. Vladimir P. Nuzhny
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  3. Sergey N. Kharin
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  4. Dmitry N. Shmakov
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The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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Correspondence to Natalya A. Kibler.

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The study was carried out in accordance with the international rules for the treatment of experimental animals (Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals) (NIH Publication No. 85–23, ed. 1996) and approved by the local ethical Committee of the Institute of Physiology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, RAS.

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Kibler, N.A., Nuzhny, V.P., Kharin, S.N. et al. Effect of atrial artificial electrical stimulation on depolarization and repolarization and hemodynamics of the heart ventricle in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Fish Physiol Biochem 47, 1329–1339 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-021-00983-0

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