Abstract
There are great differences in metabolic responses to different levels of carbohydrate among different carnivorous fish species. To explore metabolic responses of Chinese perch to moderate and high level of dietary carbohydrates, three diets containing 7.3% (LC), 17.5% (MC), and 27.5% (HC) of carbohydrates were provided to Chinese perch for 56 days. The results showed that MC and HC groups exhibited an increase in weight gain (WG) and hepatic glycogen content, and a decrease in feed conversion efficiency, compared with the LC group. The MC and HC groups also showed the increase in mRNA levels of phosphofructokinase and citrate synthase related to the aerobic oxidation pathway, which might be responsible for the increase in WG. Moreover, compared with the LC group, the HC group exhibited high levels of plasma indices (glucose, pyruvic acid, lactic acid, total triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein) and liver lipid resulting from the increased mRNA levels of fatty acid synthesis–related genes (ATP citrate lyase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase α, and fatty acid synthase), low level of crude protein caused by inhibition of TOR pathway, and liver damage induced by low antioxidant capacity and infiltration of inflammatory cells, but the MC group did not. The above results indicated that 17.5% dietary carbohydrate might be utilized effectively in Chinese perch and part carbohydrates were converted into glycogen to maintain glucose homeostasis; 27.5% dietary carbohydrate could not be fully utilized. The 27.5% carbohydrate diet induced the up-regulation of aerobic oxidation, glycogen synthesis, and fat synthesis pathways which might not be sufficient to maintain glucose homeostasis.
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Great gratitude goes to linguistics Prof. Ping Liu from Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, China, for her work at English editing and language polishing.
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This work was financially supported by China Agriculture Research System (CARS-46), National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFD0900400), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31772822), and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2662019PY084).
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YZ, X-FL, and SH designed the experiments and helped draft the manuscript. YZ, JW, LL, ZZ, JL, XC, LL, and MAlam performed the experiments. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Zhang, Y., Liang, Xf., He, S. et al. Metabolic responses of Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi) to different levels of dietary carbohydrate. Fish Physiol Biochem 47, 1449–1465 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-021-00965-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-021-00965-2