Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Genotype and environmental interaction for fruit quality traits in vintage tomato varieties

  • Published:
Euphytica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the second most highly consumed vegetable in the world after potato. Traits including physicochemical (lycopene, total titratable acid (TTA), total soluble solids (TSS) and vitamin C), morphological (fruit shape and size) and colors contribute to the overall fruit quality of tomato. The primary objective of the present study was to evaluate vintage tomato varieties representing a wide genetic background for fruit quality including physicochemical, morphological and color traits in multiple environments and to analyze consistency of their performances across locations. In order to achieve this objective, we acquired 44 vintage tomato varieties and evaluated them in five environments (NC, NY, OH in 2009, and NC and OH in 2010). Analysis of the data revealed that there was a significant (p < 0.01) difference among genotypes and environments for all quality traits, Genotype × Environment interaction was significant (p < 0.01) for all quality traits except for TSS. Broad-sense heritability of physicochemical traits ranged from 5.8 % (lycopene) to 35.7 % (TTA) whereas that for morphological traits ranged from 8.1 % (proximal eccentricity) to 97.3 % (fruit shape index external 1), and color from 69.0 % (a*-value) to 99.3 % (b*-value). Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated that estimated lycopene content was negatively correlated with the other physicochemical traits whereas vitamin C, TSS and TTA were positively correlated with each other. Principal component analysis (PCA) based on phenotypic data identified five components explaining at least 82 % of the total variation. Cluster analysis based on phenotypic data revealed the clusters of vintage tomato varieties were not distinct whereas single nucleotide polymorphism data revealed three distinct populations. This information including heritability and correlation coefficients from the present study may be useful to tomato breeding programs to choose germplasm, improve the response to selection and simultaneously improve multiple traits for tomato fruit quality.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Baguley T (2004) Understanding statistical power in the context of applied research. Appl Ergon 35:73–80

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Baldo AM, Francis DM, Caramante M, Robertson LD, Labate JA (2011) Allelecoder: a perl script for coding codominant polymorphism data for PCA analysis. Plant Genet Resour 10:1–3

    Google Scholar 

  • Baranska M, Schutz W, Schulz H (2006) Determination of lycopene and beta-carotene content in tomato fruits and related products: comparison of FT-RAMAN, AFR-IR, and NIR spectroscopy. Anal Chem 78:8456–8461. doi:10.1021/ac061220j

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bradley DR, Russell RL, Reeve CP (1996) Statistical power in complex experimental designs. Behav Res Methods Instrum Comput 28:319–326

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brandt S, Pek Z, Barna E, Lugasi A, Helyes L (2006) Lycopene content and colour of ripening tomatoes as affected by environmental conditions. J Sci Food Agric 86:568–572

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brewer MT, Lang LX, Fujimura K, Dujmovic N, Gray S, van der Knaap E (2006) Development of a controlled vocabulary and software application to analyze fruit shape variation in tomato and other plant species. Plant Phys 141:15–25. doi:10.1104/pp.106.077867

    Google Scholar 

  • Bukowski R, Sun Q, Howard M, Pillardy J (2010) Biohpc: computational biology application suite for high performance computing. J Biomol Tech 21:S23

    Google Scholar 

  • Chao S, Zhang W, Dubcovsky J, Sorrells M (2007) Evaluation of genetic diversity and genome-wide linkage disequilibrium among US wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm representing different market classes. Crop Sci 47:1018–1030

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cotterill PP (1987) On estimating heritability according to practical applications. Silvae Genet 36:46–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Darrigues A, Hall J, van der Knaap E, Francis DM, Dujmovic N, Gray S (2008) Tomato analyzer-color test: a new tool for efficient digital phenotyping. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 133:579–586

    Google Scholar 

  • De Martini D (2011) Robustness and corrections for sample size adaptation strategies based on effect size estimation. Commun Stat Simul Comput 40:1263–1277

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ercolano MR, Carli P, Soria A, Cascone A, Fogliano V, Frusciante L, Barone A (2008) Biochemical, sensorial and genomic profiling of traditional Italian tomato varieties. Euphytica 164:571–582

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Evanno G, Regnaut S, Goudet J (2005) Detecting the number of clusters of individuals using the software STRUCTURE: a simulation study. Mol Ecol 14:2611–2620

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Excoffier L, Laval G, Schneider S (2005) Arlequin ver. 3.0: an integrated software package for population genetics data analysis. Evol Bioinfo Online 1:47–50

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • FAOSTAT (2008) FAO statistical databases. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Statistics Division, Rome

    Google Scholar 

  • Gao H, Williamson S, Bustamante CD (2007) An MCMC approach for joint inference of population structure and inbreeding rates from multilocus genotype data. Genetics 176:1635–1651

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gao HY, Zhu HL, Shao Y, Chen AJ, Lu CW, Zhu BZ, Luo YB (2008) Lycopene accumulation affects the biosynthesis of some carotenoid-related volatiles independent of ethylene in tomato. J Int Plant Biol 50:991–996

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gardner RG, Panthee DR (2010) Grape tomato breeding lines: NC 1 Grape, NC 2 Grape, and NC 3 Grape. HortScience 45:1887–1888

    Google Scholar 

  • Gonzalo MJ, Brewer MT, Anderson C, Sullivan D, Gray S, van der Knaap E (2009) Tomato fruit shape analysis using morphometric and morphology attributes implemented in Tomato Analyzer software program. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 134:77–87

    Google Scholar 

  • Guo JH, Luh WM (2009) Optimum sample size allocation to minimize cost or maximize power for the two-sample trimmed mean test. Br J Math Stat Psychol 62:283–298

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hanson PM, Yang RY, Wu J, Chen JT, Ledesma D, Tsou SCS, Lee TC (2004) Variation for antioxidant activity and antioxidants in tomato. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 129:704–711

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Helyes L, Pek Z, Lugasi A (2008) Function of the variety technological traits and growing conditions on fruit components of tomato (Lycopersicon lycopersicum L. Karsten). Acta Alimentaria 37:427–436

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ho L (2003) Genetic and cultivation manipulation for improving tomato fruit quality. Acta Hortic 613:21–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Hohjo M, Kuwata C, Yoshikawa K, Ito T (1995) Effects of nitrogen form, nutrient concentration and Ca concentration on the growth, yield and fruit quality in NFT-tomato plants. Acta Hortic 396:145–152

    Google Scholar 

  • Huson DH, Bryant D (2006) Application of phylogenetic networks in evolutionary studies. Mol Biol Evol 23(2):254–267

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huson DH, Scornavacca C (2010) A survey of combinatorial methods for phylogenetic networks. Genome Biol Evol 3:23–35

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hyman JR, Gaus J, Foolad MR (2004) A rapid and accurate method for estimating tomato lycopene content by measuring chromaticity values of fruit puree. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 129:717–723

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kabelka E, Franchino B, Francis DM (2002) Two loci from Lycopersicon hirsutum LA407 confer resistance to strains of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. Michiganensis. Phytopathology 92:504–510. doi:10.1094/phyto.2002.92.5.504

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaur C, George B, Deepa N, Singh B, Kapoor HC (2004) Antioxidant status of fresh and processed tomato—a review. J Food Sci Technol 41:479–486

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kemble JM (ed) (2009) Southeastern vegetable crops handbook, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama.

  • Kortstee AJ, Appeldoorn NJG, Oortwijn MEP, Visser RGF (2007) Differences in regulation of carbohydrate metabolism during early fruit development between domesticated tomato and two wild relatives. Planta 226:929–939

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Labate JA, Sheffer SM, Balch T, Robertson LD (2011) Diversity and population structure in a geographic sample of tomato accessions. Crop Sci 51:1068–1079

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu CS, Glahn RP, Liu RH (2004) Assessment of carotenoid bioavailability of whole foods using a Caco-2 cell culture model coupled with an in vitro digestion. J Agri Food Chem 52:4330–4337

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lu Y, Yan J, Guimarães C, Taba S, Hao Z, Gao S, Chen S, Li J, Zhang S, Vivek B, Magorokosho C, Mugo S, Makumbi D, Parentoni S, Shah T, Rong T, Crouch J, Xu Y (2009) Molecular characterization of global maize breeding germplasm based on genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms. Theor Appl Genet 120:93–115

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Myles S, Boyko AR, Owens CL, Brown PJ, Grassi F, Aradhya MK, Prins B, Reynolds A, Chia JM, Ware D, Bustamante CD, Buckler ES (2011) Genetic structure and domestication history of the grape. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108:3530–3535

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nesbitt TC, Tanksley SD (2002) Comparative sequencing in the genus Lycopersicon: implications for the evolution of fruit size in the domestication of cultivated tomatoes. Genetics 162:365–379

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peakall R, Smouse PE (2006) Genalex 6: Genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research. Mol Ecol Notes 6:288–295

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rodriguez GR, Munos S, Anderson C, Sim SC, Michel A, Causse M, Gardener BBM, Francis D, van der Knaap E (2011) Distribution of SUN, OVATE, LC, and FAS in the tomato germplasm and the relationship to fruit shape diversity. Plant Phys 156:275–285

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rodríguez G, Moyseenko J, Robbins M, Morejón N, Francis D, van der Knaap E (2010) Tomato analyzer: a useful software application to collect accurate and detailed morphological and colorimetric data from two-dimensional objects. J Vis Exp 37:1–9. doi:10.3791/1856

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodriguez-Burruezo A, Prohens J, Rosello S, Nuez F (2005) “Heirloom” varieties as sources of variation for the improvement of fruit quality in greenhouse-grown tomatoes. J Hortic Sci Biotechnol 80:453–460

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberg NA (2004) Distruct: a program for the graphical display of population structure. Mol Ecol Notes 4:137–138

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sadler GD (1998) pH and titratable acidity. In: Nielsen SS (ed) Food analysis. Aspen Publishers, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD pp 99–118

  • SAS Institute Inc (2007) The SAS system, version 9.1.3 for Windows. 9th ed. SAS Institute, Cary

  • Simonne AH, Behe BK, Marshall MM (2006) Consumers prefer low-priced and high lycopene-content fresh-market tomatoes. HortTechnology 16:674–681

    Google Scholar 

  • USDA-NASS (2008) Agricultural statistics. United State Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service, Washington, DC

  • Yoon M, Choi I, Baek H, Lee J, Kim C, Cho Y, Hahn B, Cregan P, Kim Y (2008) Genetic relationship of soybean cultivar by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis. Korean Soc Int Agric 20:145–154

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Tomato Crop Germplasm Committee (CGC), and CRIS Project no. 1910-21000-019-00D and 5325-41430-011-00D. We are thankful to Dr. David Francis for providing unpublished genotypic and phenotypic data of vintage tomato panel of SolCAP project to include in this manuscript. We are grateful to Matt Hofelich, Troy Aldrich, Susan M. Sheffer, Caroline Pigeat, Teri Balch, Sherri Tennies, Brian Cain, Candice Anderson, Phillip Sanders, Kelly Gaskill and George M. Fox for excellent technical support. We thank Esther van der Knaap for stimulating discussion. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Part of this work was carried out using the resources of the Computational Biology Service Unit from Cornell University which is partially funded by Microsoft Corporation.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Horticultural Science, Mountain Horticultural Crops Research and Extension Center, North Carolina State University, Mills River, NC, 28759, USA

    Dilip R. Panthee

  2. USDA-ARS, Plant Genetic Resources Unit, Geneva, NY, 14456, USA

    Joanne A. Labate & Larry D. Robertson

  3. Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, Long Island Horticultural Research & Extension Center, Cornell University, Riverhead, NY, 11901, USA

    Margaret T. McGrath

  4. USDA-ARS, Processed Foods Research Unit, Albany, CA, 94710, USA

    Andrew P. Breksa III

Authors
  1. Dilip R. Panthee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Joanne A. Labate
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Margaret T. McGrath
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Andrew P. Breksa III
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Larry D. Robertson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dilip R. Panthee.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (XLS 42 kb)

Supplementary material 2 (XLS 27 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Panthee, D.R., Labate, J.A., McGrath, M.T. et al. Genotype and environmental interaction for fruit quality traits in vintage tomato varieties. Euphytica 193, 169–182 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-013-0895-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-013-0895-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation