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A new method for producing allohexaploid Brassica through unreduced gametes

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Abstract

We trialled a two-step method of producing allohexaploid Brassica with three genomes (A, B, and C) derived from pair-wise crossing among three allotetraploid Brassica species. In the first step, the three allotetraploid Brassica species (Brassica juncea, AjAjBjBj; Brassica napus, AnAnCnCn; and Brassica carinata, BcBcCcCc) were intercrossed in pairs to produce unbalanced trigenomic hybrids: AjAnBjCn, BjBcAjCc and CnCcAnBc. In the second step, these hybrids were crossed with the complementary allotetraploid parent, that is, AjAnBjCn × BcBcCcCc (B. carinata), BjBcAjCc × AnAnCnCn (B. napus) and CnCcAnBc × AjAjBjBj (B. juncea). We hypothesised that the unbalanced trigenomic hybrids would produce high levels of unreduced gametes with the same genome composition as the hybrid. These unreduced gametes would unite with reduced gametes from the complementary allotetraploids to form allohexaploid Brassica progeny (AjAnBcBjCcCn). From 112 s generation interspecific progeny, two progeny were shown by locus-specific simple sequence repeat markers to be near-allohexaploids derived from an unreduced gamete from CnCcAnBc and a reduced gamete from B. juncea (AjBj). One of these plants was highly self-fertile, had 50 chromosomes, and inherited patterns of marker alleles (AjAnBcBjCcCn) that were predicted from first division restitution at meiosis in the CnCcAnBc parent. The second near-allohexaploid had 60 chromosomes, was sterile, and inherited patterns of marker alleles that indicated second division restitution in the CnCcAnBc parent. Trigenomic hybrid Brassica produced by these methods will be valuable bridges to move alleles between allotetraploid species, and may contribute useful meiotic stability alleles to a future allohexaploid species.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Australian Research Council Linkage Project LP0667805, with industry partners Council of Grain Grower Organisations Ltd and Norddeutsche Pflanzenzucht Hans-Georg Lembke KG. We thank Canola Breeders Western Australia Pty Ltd for provision of the cultivars and accessions used in this study. MNN and WAC were supported by Grains Research and Development Corporation project UWA00120 during this project. We also thank Junko Takahira and Clare O’Lone for collection of molecular marker data for individuals N1C1.J1-1 and N1C1.J1-2.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia

    Annaliese S. Mason, Guijun Yan & Matthew N. Nelson

  2. The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009, Australia

    Guijun Yan, Wallace A. Cowling & Matthew N. Nelson

  3. Canola Breeders Western Australia Pty Ltd, 15/219 Canning Highway, South Perth, WA, 6151, Australia

    Wallace A. Cowling & Matthew N. Nelson

Authors
  1. Annaliese S. Mason
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  2. Guijun Yan
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  3. Wallace A. Cowling
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  4. Matthew N. Nelson
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Correspondence to Annaliese S. Mason.

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Mason, A.S., Yan, G., Cowling, W.A. et al. A new method for producing allohexaploid Brassica through unreduced gametes. Euphytica 186, 277–287 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-011-0537-4

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