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Flood susceptibility mapping using Sentinel 1 and frequency ratio technique in Jinjiram River watershed, India

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Abstract

Assam is one of the most flood-prone states in India, and the state frequently experiences catastrophic floods that cause significant damage in terms of loss of life and property. Flood susceptibility is considered the most essential and crucial input for managing floodplains and fostering local and regional development. This study focuses on the generation of flood susceptibility maps using the Frequency Ratio (FR) technique and microwave remote sensing inputs in the Jinjiram watershed which experienced disastrous flooding in 2020. The study has been carried out by taking into consideration of different morphological, lithological, and hydrological factors. In this study the flood inventory map was created by extracting the time series SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) Sentinel 1 GRD (Ground Range Detected) images of flooded areas for the past 5 years, from 2016 to 2020. A total of 72 inventory samples were identified of which 70% of total flooded samples were chosen for training and 30% for model testing at random basis. Applying these FR methods, the study determines a range of flood susceptibility which was then divided into five classes, from very low to very high. The Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the accuracy of flood susceptibility maps generated using FR models. The AUC of ROC in flood susceptibility mapping is 0.81167 achieved, corresponding to a prediction accuracy of 81.17%. The findings can be used to calculate risk, develop flood control measures and infrastructural policies, and formulate sustainable water management policies for the watershed.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. North Eastern Space Applications Centre, Department of Space, Govt. of India, Umiam, Meghalaya, India

    Nikita Lahiri, Arjun B. M. & Jenita M. Nongkynrih

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  1. Nikita Lahiri
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  2. Arjun B. M.
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  3. Jenita M. Nongkynrih
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Contributions

The concept and motivation of the research were given by JMN and NL. Collection of ancillary data was done by JMN and NL. Development of methodology, preparation of figure, tables, validation, interpretation of result, and the writing of manuscript were done by NL. ABM and JMN modified and edited and provided the fundamental structure of the final manuscript. All the authors have contributed, read, and agreed to the publications.

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Correspondence to Arjun B. M..

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Lahiri, N., M., A.B. & Nongkynrih, J.M. Flood susceptibility mapping using Sentinel 1 and frequency ratio technique in Jinjiram River watershed, India. Environ Monit Assess 196, 103 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-12242-1

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