Abstract
Potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) is an important pathogen that severely affects tomato and potato production. Several Solanaceae species are naturally and experimentally susceptible to PSTVd, implying that Solanaceae weeds can be a reservoir of PSTVd through infected seeds in crop fields. To determine whether PSTVd is seed-transmissible in solanaceous weed species, we examined seed transmission rates and localization of PSTVd in the reproductive organs of Solanum nigrum and Physalis angulata. The results revealed that the seed transmission rate of PSTVd was 0%–50% and 89.7%–100% in S. nigrum and P. angulata, respectively, suggesting that these weed species act as reservoirs of PSTVd, and their seed seems to be an important source of PSTVd. While the seed transmission rate in S. nigrum was 0%–8% for PSTVd isolate VP35, it was 10.5%–50% for isolate VP72-1. In situ hybridization analysis showed that isolate VP72-1 (but not VP35) successfully invaded the ovule and embryo of S. nigrum, suggesting that the transmission rate in S. nigrum might depend on the distribution pattern of PSTVd in ovules and embryos. This is the first report to show the distribution patterns of a viroid in the reproductive organs of solanaceous weed species during their developmental stages.
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The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge Y. Narita, K. Nakata, and Y. Matsumura for preparing the experimental materials and Y. Tomitaka for the statistical analysis. This study was partially supported by the Strategic International Collaborative Research Project (No. J008837) promoted and administered by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan.
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This study was partially supported by the Strategic International Collaborative Research Project (No. J008837) promoted and administered by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, Tokyo, Japan.
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Both authors contributed to the conception and design of this study. Matsushita and Kubota performed data collection and analysis. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Matsushita. Both authors commented on the previous versions of the manuscript and read and approved the final manuscript.
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Matsushita, Y., Kubota, K. Seed transmission of potato spindle tuber viroid and its distribution in reproductive organs in Solanaceae weed species. Eur J Plant Pathol 167, 315–322 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-023-02707-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-023-02707-x