Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lentis (Fol) is one of the most destructive diseases of lentil (Lens culinaris) worldwide. Although differences in in vitro growth pattern and aggressiveness have been observed in its populations, no pathotypes have been reported so far. The objective of this study was to check for the existence of differences in virulence in Fol and to develop a differential set of lentil accessions able to distinguish the virulence patterns. In a first step 28 lentil-resistant accessions reported elsewhere were inoculated with six isolates of Fol with different geographical origins, which showed a highly significant isolate × accession interaction. Based on their contrasting response, four accessions were selected as a putative differential set. In a second step we characterized the virulence pattern of 52 Fol isolates from Iran, Syria and Algeria using the differential set. This allowed the identification of seven different patterns of virulence, named as pathotypes 1 – 7. Pathotype 7 was virulent on all accessions studied. No correlation was found between the pathotype and the geographical origin of the isolates. This is the first report of the existence of pathotypes in Fol. Based on these results; lentil breeding strategies for resistance to the pathogen should be planned according to the prevalent pathotype present in the region.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Armstrang, G. M., & Armstrang, J. K. (1974). Races of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. pisi, causal agents of wilt of pea. Phytopathology, 64, 849–857.
Bayaa, B., Erskine, W., & Hamdi, A. (1995). Evaluation of a wild lentil collection for resistance to vascular wilt. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 42, 231–235.
Bayaa, B., Erskine, W., & Singh, M. (1997). Screening lentil for resistance to Fusarium wilt: methodology and sources of resistance. Euphytica, 98, 69–74.
Bejiga, G., Abou-Zeid, N., Suliman, W., Ahmed, S., & Hassanein, A. (2001). Managing wilt and root rots of food legumes in the Nile Valley countries. Caravan, 15, 39–40.
Belabid, L., & Fortas, Z. (2002). Virulence and vegetative compatibility of Algerian isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis. Phytopathologia Mediterranea, 41, 179–187.
Belabid, L., Baum, M., Fortas, Z., Bouznad, Z., & Eujayl, I. (2004). Pathogenic and genetic characterization of Algerian isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lentis by RAPD and AFLP analysis. African Journal of Biotechnology, 3(1), 25–31.
Chaudhry, M. A., Ilyas, M. B., Ul-Hassan, I., & Ghazanfar, M. U. (2008). Sources of resistance from lentil international Fusarium wilt nursery 2006–7. Pakistan Journal of Phytopathology, 20(1), 122–124.
Chen, W., Basandrai, A. K., Basandrai, D., Banniza, S., Bayaa, B., Buchwaldt, L., Davidson, J., Larsen, R., Rubiales, D., & Taylor, P. (2009). Lentil diseases and their management. In W. Erskine, F. J. Muehlbauer, A. Sarker, & B. Sharma (Eds.), The lentil: Botany, production and uses (pp. 262–281). Wallingford: CAB International.
Chen, W., Sharma, H. C., & Muehlbauer, F. J. (2011). Compendium of chickpea and lentil diseases and pests. St. Paul: The American Phytopathological Society.
Datta, S., Choudhary, R. G., Shamin, M., Singh, R. K., & Dhar, V. (2011). Molecular diversity in Indian isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lentis inciting wilt disease in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik). African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(38), 7314–7323.
Di Pietro, A., Madrid, M. P., Caracuel, Z., Delgado-Jarana, J., & Roncero, M. I. G. (2003). Fusarium oxysporum: exploring the molecular arsenal of a vascular wilt fungus. Molecular Plant Pathology, 4, 315–325.
El-Ashkar, F., Sarker, A., Haddad, N., Bayaa, B., El-Hassan, H., & Erskine, W. (2003). Registration of ‘Idlib-2’ Lentil. Crop Science, 43, 728–729.
El-Ashkar, F., Sarker, A., Erskine, W., Bayaa, B., El-Hassan, H., Kadah, N., & Karim, B. A. (2004a). Registration of ‘Idlib-3’ Lentil. Crop Science, 44, 2261–2262.
El-Ashkar, F., Sarker, A., Erskine, W., Bayaa, B., El-Hassan, H., Kadah, N., & Karim, B. A. (2004b). Registration of “Idlib-4” lentil. Crop Science, 44(6), 2261–2262.
Eujayl, I., Erskine, W., Bayaa, B., Baum, M., & Pehu, E. (1998). Fusarium vascular wilt in lentil: inheritance and identification of DNA markers for resistance. Plant Breeding, 117, 497–499.
Hamwieh, A., Udupa, S. M., Choumane, W., Sarker, A., Dreyer, F., Jung, C., & Baum, M. (2005). A genetic linkage map of Lens sp. based on microsatellite and AFLP markers and localization of Fusarium vascular wilt resistance. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 110, 669–677.
Haware, M. P., & Nene, Y. L. (1982). Races of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceri. Plant Disease, 66, 809–810.
Hoagland, D.R., & Arnon, D.I. (1950). The water-culture method of growing plants without soil. California Agricultural Experiment Station Publications.
ICARDA. (2003). Ethiopia prepares to prevent recurrence of famine. Caravan, 18(19), 24–26.
ICARDA. (2004). Annual report. Syria: ICARDA.
Kamboj, R. K., Pandey, M. P., & Chaube, H. S. (1990). Inheritance of resistance to Fusarium wilt in Indian lentil germplasm (Lens culinaris Medik.). Euphytica, 50, 113–117.
Khare, M. N. (1980). Wilt of lentil. Technical Bulletin. Jabalpur, India: Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, M.P. India, 155pp.
Khare, M. N., Agrawal, S. C., Dhingra, O. D., & Kushwaha, L. S. (1975). Variability in the growth of eight strains of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lentis on different solid media. Indian Phytopathology, 28, 126–128.
Kraft, J. M., Haware, M. P., Halila, H., & Bayaa, B. (2000). Soilborne diseases and their control. In R. Knight (Ed.), Linking research and marketing opportunities for pulses in 21st century (pp. 457–466). The Netherlands: Kluwer.
Machleb, H., Sarker, A., Kiwan, P., El-Hassan, H., & Erskine, W. (2007). Registration of “Hala” lentil. Journal of Plant Registration, 1, 40.
Michielse, C. B., & Rep, M. (2009). Pathogen profile update: Fusarium oxysporum. Molecular Plant Pathology, 10, 311–324.
Mohammadi, N., Goltapeh, E. M., Babaie-Ahari, A., & Pouralibaba, H. (2011). Pathogenic and genetic characterization of Iranian isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lentis by ISSR analysis. Journal of Agricultural Technology, 7(1), 63–72.
Mohammdi, N., Pouralibaba, H. R., Mohammadi Goltapeh, A., Babaie Ahari, A., & Pakdaman Sararood, B. (2012). Advanced lentil lines screened for resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lentis under greenhouse and field conditions. Phytoparasitica, 40, 69–76.
Nelson, P. E., Toussoun, T. A., & Marasas, W. F. O. (1983). Fusarium species. An illustrated manual for identification. University Park: The Pennsylvania State University Press.
Omar, S. A., Salem, D. E., & Rizk, M. A. (1988). Sources of resistance to root-rot wilt disease complex of lentil. LENS Newsletter, 15(1), 37–39.
Pandya, B. P., Pandey, M. P., & Singh, J. P. (1980). Development of pant-406 lentil, resistant to rust and wilt. LENS Newsletter, 7, 34–37.
Pérez de la Vega, M., Fratini, R. M., & Muehlbauer, F. J. (2011). Lentil. In M. Pérez de la Vega, A. M. Torres, J. I. Cubero, & C. Kole (Eds.), Genetics, genomics and breeding of cool season grain legume (pp. 98–150). Enfield: Science Publishers, CRC-Press.
Pouralibaba, H.R. (2010). Necessity of greenhouse evaluations in screening of lentil genotypes for resistance to fusarium wilt disease, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lentis. (In Persian.) In Proc. 19th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, Tehran, Iran.
Pouralibaba, H. R., Sabaghpour, S. H., Mehrban, A., & Asghari, S. (2008). Selection of new lentil lines resistant to wilt disease, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lentis, for Bilehsavar region, Moghan. (In Persian.). Seed and Plant Improvement Journal, 24(3), 429–444.
Pouralibaba, H. R., Rubiales, D., & Fondevilla, S. (2015). Identification of resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lentis in Spanish lentil germplasm. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 143(2), 399–405.
Sarker, A., Bayaa, B., & Erskine, W. (2001). Registration of six lentil germplasm lines with resistance to vascular wilt. Crop Science, 41, 1655.
Taheri, N., Falahati-Rastegar, M., Jafarpour, B., Bagheri, A. R., & Jahanbaghsh, V. (2010). Pathogenic and genetic characterization of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lentis by RAPD and IGS analysis in Khorasan Province. World Applied Science Journal, 9(3), 239–244.
Taylor, P., Lindbeck, K., Chen, W., & Ford, R. (2007). Lentil diseases. In S. S. Yadav et al. (Eds.), Lentil: An ancient crop for modern times (pp. 291–313). The Netherlands: Springer.
Van der Plank, J. E. (1984). Disease resistance in plants (2nd ed.). New York: Academic.
Woo, S. L., Zoina, A., Gel, S. G., Lorito, M., Nanni, B., Scala, F., & Noviello, C. (1996). Characterization of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli by pathogenic races, VCG, RFLPs, and RAPD. Phytopathology, 86, 966–973.
Acknowledgments
This research was carried out based on PhD educational mission No. 3972/200-28/1/1389 of first author from Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) of Iran and financed by project AGL2014-52871-R, co-financed by FEDER. SF was granted by a contract financed by the Ramón & Cajal program. The authors wish to thanks A. Moral, CSIC, Spain for technical assistance and Professor B. Bayaa, University of Aleppo, Syria, for helping to obtain Fol Algerian isolates.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pouralibaba, H.R., Rubiales, D. & Fondevilla, S. Identification of pathotypes in Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lentis . Eur J Plant Pathol 144, 539–549 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-015-0793-6
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-015-0793-6