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Effects of 1,1,1-trichloroethane on enzymatic activity and bacterial community in anaerobic microcosm form sequencing batch reactors

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Abstract

1,1,1-Trichloroethane (TCA), a major organic and groundwater contaminant, has very strong toxic effects on humans, plants and microorganisms. Effects of TCA on enzymatic activity and microbial diversity were investigated in the anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR) under methanogenic, nitrate-reducing, sulfate-reducing and benzene/toluene degrading conditions. The activities of three enzymes (lactate dehydrogenase, phosphatase and protease) were significantly decreased in the presence of 5 mg/L TCA. Within these three affected enzymes, phosphatase activity may serve as a noteworthy marker of bacterial toxicity. The activity of phosphatase was 0.2 U/L in methanogenic conditions with 5 mg/L TCA, which was 99% lower than the controls, and the enzyme activity was 18.6 U/L in methanogenic conditions with 1 mg/L TCA, which was 7% lower than the controls. DGGE profiles showed that TCA altered the bacterial community distribution and diversity obviously during the 21 day of TCA exposure. The enzyme activities decreased second lowest but TCA degrading strains Clostridium sp. DhR-2/LM-G01, Bacterial clone DCE25 and Bacterial clone DPHB06 were enriched in the methanogenic ASBR amended TCA.

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Acknowledgments

This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (40871223, 40901148, 41003031, 41073055), the National Environmental Protection Public Welfare Science and Technology Research Program of China (200909089, 2010467032, 201109013), the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (20110074130002), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WB0911011, WB1014004), the Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment (2009ZX07101-009-03), the National Science Foundation for Postdoctoral Scientists of China (20110490683), and the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Shanghai (11R21412500). We also would like to thank the anonymous referees for their helpful comments on this paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People’s Republic of China

    Hui Li, Wei Zhang, Lu Li, Kuang-Fei Lin, Qiang Lu, Ting-Ting Shen & Bing-Zhi Li

  2. School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People’s Republic of China

    Hui Li, Wei Zhang, Lu Li, Yong-Di Liu, Kuang-Fei Lin & Shu-Guang Lu

  3. State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, School of Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, People’s Republic of China

    Bo-Zhong Mu, Qian Zhang & Li-Ming Zhao

  4. Department of Soil Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, People’s Republic of China

    Xiao-Ming Du

  5. Shanghai Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Shanghai, 200062, People’s Republic of China

    Yang-Yang Li

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  1. Hui Li
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  2. Wei Zhang
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  3. Lu Li
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  12. Bing-Zhi Li
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  13. Li-Ming Zhao
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  14. Yang-Yang Li
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Correspondence to Kuang-Fei Lin or Xiao-Ming Du.

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Hui Li and Wei Zhang equally contribute to this article.

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Li, H., Zhang, W., Li, L. et al. Effects of 1,1,1-trichloroethane on enzymatic activity and bacterial community in anaerobic microcosm form sequencing batch reactors. Ecotoxicology 21, 1426–1435 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-012-0896-1

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