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Evaluation of the visual system with visual evoked potential and optical coherence tomography in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease and with multiple system atrophy

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Abstract

Background

In addition to motor findings, non-motor findings including alterations in visual acuity, decrease in blink reflex, and pupil reactivity cause the impaired quality of life in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Our study aimed to examine possible latency and amplitude changes in pattern visual evoked potentials (pVEP) along with retinal and macular changes in optical coherence tomography (OCT) in PD and MSA groups. We also intended to investigate whether any OCT parameters could be a biomarker for Parkinson's or MSA.

Methods

Our study included 50 patients with PD, 15 with MSA, and 50 healthy control subjects. All patients in the study underwent neurological and ophthalmological examination and investigations of OCT to measure the retinal and macular thickness and pVEP to assess visual pathways.

Results

When PD, MSA, and control groups were compared, a significant difference was found in all retinal thickness values in average, nasal, and superior retinal nerve fiber thickness (pRNFL), and in all macular thickness values except nasal outer and inferior outer quadrants and in ganglion cell complex (GCC) thicknesses (p < 0.05). Moreover, a significant difference was found in N75, P100, and N145 latencies and N75-P100 amplitude (p < 0.05). The thickness of both pRNFL, inner and outer macular quadrants, was thinner in the MSA group than in PD but GCC thickness was thinner in PD group.

Conclusions

The present study compared pVEP and OCT parameters in PD and MSA groups. It was concluded that pVEP and OCT examinations were of importance in that they were easily accessible, affordable, noninvasive biomarkers that might be used in early periods and progression of the disease and in follow-up.

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Funding

This study was funded by Celal Bayar University Scientific Research Commission.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Celal Bayar University Medical School Hafsa Sultan Hospital, Manisa, Turkey

    Melike Batum, Ayşın Kısabay Ak, Mehmet Semih Arı & Deniz Selçuki

  2. Department of Eye Diseases, Celal Bayar University Medical School Hafsa Sultan Hospital, Manisa, Turkey

    Hüseyin Mayali & Emin Kurt

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  1. Melike Batum
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  2. Ayşın Kısabay Ak
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  3. Mehmet Semih Arı
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  4. Hüseyin Mayali
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Contributions

MB and AKA contributed to study conception and design, data analysis, and manuscript preparation. MB contributed to pVEP recordings, data analysis, manuscript preparation, final approval, and submission. MSA contributed to data input. HM and EK contributed to ophthalmic evaluations. DS contributed to data analysis and interpretation, manuscript preparation, and revision.

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Correspondence to Melike Batum.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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All procedures performed in the studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Celal Bayar University Medical Faculty Ethics Committee (Approval Date: 14/11/2018 Approval Number: 20.478.486) and with Helsinki declaration (1964) and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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All subjects freely consented to participate in this study, and an informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study.

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All procedures performed on human participants were done so in accordance with the ethical standards of the Celal Bayar University Medical Faculty Ethics Committee and in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Batum, M., Ak, A.K., Arı, M.S. et al. Evaluation of the visual system with visual evoked potential and optical coherence tomography in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease and with multiple system atrophy. Doc Ophthalmol 145, 99–112 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10633-022-09887-7

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