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Long Noncoding RNAs in Gastrointestinal Cancer: Tumor Suppression Versus Tumor Promotion

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Abstract

Approximately 80% of the human genome harbors biochemical marks of active transcription that its majority transcribes to noncoding RNAs, namely long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). LncRNAs are heterogeneous RNA transcripts that regulate critical biological processes such as cell survival and death. They involve in the progression of different cancers by affecting transcriptional and post-transcriptional modifications as well as epigenetic control of numerous tumor suppressors and oncogenes. Recent findings show that aberrant expression of lncRNAs is associated with tumor initiation, progression, invasion, and overall survival of patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. Some lncRNAs play as tumor suppressors in all GI cancers, but others play as tumor promoters. However, some other lncRNAs might function as a tumor suppressor in one GI cancer, but as a tumor promoter in another GI cancer type. This fact highlights possible context dependency of the expression patterns and roles of at least some lncRNAs in GI cancer development and progression. Here, we review the functional relation of lncRNAs involved in the development and progression of GI cancer by focusing on their roles as tumor suppressor and tumor promoter genes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

    Mina Khajehdehi, Mohammad Khalaj-Kondori & Tayyebeh Ghasemi

  2. Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran

    Babak Jahanghiri

  3. Department of Oncologic Sciences, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, 33612, FL, USA

    Mehdi Damaghi

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  1. Mina Khajehdehi
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Khajehdehi, M., Khalaj-Kondori, M., Ghasemi, T. et al. Long Noncoding RNAs in Gastrointestinal Cancer: Tumor Suppression Versus Tumor Promotion. Dig Dis Sci 66, 381–397 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-020-06200-x

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