Abstract
Low productivity, high cost, and imbalance between swelling behavior and mechanical properties have limited extensive applications of bacterial cellulose pellicles (BCPs). To remove the drawbacks, two-step fermentation and in-situ modification of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) were jointly used to improve the yield and mechanical properties of BCPs in this work. Based on the optimization of the culture components, a higher yield of 5.5 g/L, which is 1.9-fold of the control produced under static fermentation, was achieved at the agitation speed of 220 rpm for 3 h (total incubation time 10 d), revealing that high agitation speed in the early incubation can promote BCP production and shorten the production time. In-situ addition of COS can induce the self-assembly of bacterial nanofibers to form a compact network of BCPs through intermolecular H-bond instead of intramolecular H-bond, increasing the yield and mechanical properties. The yield increased to 10.8 g/L, approximately 2.0-fold that of the control. The Young’s modulus, toughness, yield strength, and resilience of BCP were increased by 5.7, 2.9, 3.1, and 4.0 folds, respectively. COS modification significantly improved BCP production and balanced the swelling behavior and mechanical properties, which removed the drawbacks of BCP production to a certain degree and would promote an extensive application of BCPs.
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Data availability
The datasets generated during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful to Shansheng Hu (Zhongke Runxin (Suzhou) Biological Technology Co.) bestowing COS.
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This research work was financially supported by Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (2108085MC71, 2108085QC95), Open Projects Fund of State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology (Project NO. M2022-18), and Universities' Scientific Research Projects in Anhui Province (KJ2021A0498).
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Jie Tong and Chenrui Yu did the main job of this study.
Yu Wang, Ziwei Hu, Zhenxing Han, and Dandan Liu had sufficient contribution to the concept design, material preparation, data collection, data analysis and text correction.
Chuang Li was in charge of determining many process factors of BCP production including DO.
Guangjun Nie was in charge of writing, revision, and the approval of final manuscript.
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Tong, J., Yu, C., Wang, Y. et al. Simultaneous use of two-step fermentation and in-situ addition of chitosan oligosaccharide improving bacterial cellulose pellicle in the synthesis and various behaviors. Cellulose (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-024-05873-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-024-05873-1