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Nonwoven materials based on natural and artificial fibers

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Abstract

A method for obtaining nonwoven precursors of carbon materials based on natural and viscose fibers was developed. Bast (flax and hemp) fibers were used as sources of natural fibers which were previously processed in order to remove impurities and enrich with the alpha fraction of cellulose. The structure, morphology, and chemical composition of natural and viscose fibers were studied by X-ray, SEM, and IR spectroscopy. The mechanical characteristics of the fibers were determined. The results of studies of the thermal behavior of mixed materials based on viscose, flax, and hemp fibers at temperatures up to 1000 °C were presented. The introduction of a small fraction of natural fibers into viscose (up to 30%) leads to a sharp decrease in the carbon yield. But the further increasing of the proportion of the natural fibers increases the carbon yield that means that depending on proportion of artificial and natural fibers the later could play a role of either promoter or inhibitor of pyrolysis process. The obtained dependence of the carbon residue on the composition of the neat fibers was used to identify optimal formulations for nonwovens.

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Funding

The work was carried out with the financial support of LINUM LLC within the framework of the Grant Agreement 4409GS1/72609 dated 12/28/2021, within the State Program of A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis (TIPS RAS) and with the support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education within the framework of the State Program of the Federal Research Institute of Crystallography and Photonics of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow, Russia, 119991

    Igor S. Makarov, Alexander G. Smyslov, Ekaterina E. Palchikova, Markel I. Vinogradov, Georgiy A. Shandryuk, Ivan S. Levin & Valery G. Kulichikhin

  2. LLC “LINUM”, Akademika Koroleva Street 48, Chelyabinsk, Russia, 454100

    Alexander G. Smyslov

  3. A.V. Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Federal Research Center Crystallography and Photonics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 59, Leninsky Prospekt, Moscow, Russia, 119333

    Natalia A. Arkharova

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  1. Igor S. Makarov
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  2. Alexander G. Smyslov
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  3. Ekaterina E. Palchikova
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  4. Markel I. Vinogradov
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  8. Valery G. Kulichikhin
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Contributions

Provided the idea for this study, proposed the experiments and wrote the paper, ISM and VGK; analyzed the data and reviewed the paper, ISM, VGK, EEP, AGS and MIV; produced the samples, EEP, NAA and AGS; investigation, ISM, MIV, EEP, NAA and AGS; analyzed the data, ISM and VGK; edited the final paper, ISM, VGK and AGS. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Igor S. Makarov.

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Makarov, I.S., Smyslov, A.G., Palchikova, E.E. et al. Nonwoven materials based on natural and artificial fibers. Cellulose 31, 1927–1940 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-023-05719-2

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