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Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in restinga and dunes areas in Brazilian Northeast

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Abstract

Strong anthropogenic pressure, mainly mineral extraction, is one of the main factors leading to degradation of the Brazilian coastal environment. Strategies to recover these areas include replanting native plant species, and symbiotic fungi from the neighboring area might be important for the establishment of the new vegetation. Species richness, diversity and community composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were investigated in NE Brazil in two natural areas, ‘restinga’ forest and seaside ‘restinga’, and in two areas of revegetated dunes after mining activity 20 and 8 years ago. Soil samples were collected during the dry (March) and wet (September) seasons of 2009 in Mataraca, Paraíba State, Brazil. Based on glomerospore morphology, 34 species of AMF were recorded, of which 29 were identified in field samples and five after trap culturing, with the greatest diversity and richness found in the dune revegetated 8 years ago. The sampling effort allowed an assessment of between 70 and 80 % of the species estimated for the areas by the first-order Jackknife index. Among the generalist species Gigaspora margarita was the only one found in all areas and during both collection periods. The similarity of AMF species between the revegetated areas and the seaside ‘restinga’ was >60 %, supporting the hypothesis that this area represents a source of propagules, but the substrate used for seedling production may also bring other species, enabling the recovery of the AMF community in the mined and revegetated dunes.

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Abbreviations

AMF:

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

USA:

United States of America

NRF:

Natural ‘Restinga’ forest

SSR:

Seaside ‘Restinga’

R8:

Revegetated dunes reconstituted after mining, with 8 years

R20:

Revegetated dunes reconstituted after mining, with 20 years

PVLG:

Polyvinyl alcohol in lactoglycerol

FO:

Frequency of occurrence

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank: the Millennium Inorganic Chemicals - a Cristal Company for logistical support; CNPq for masters, doctoral and research scholarships given to C.M.R. Pereira, D.K.A. Silva and L.C. Maia, respectively; CAPES for a postdoctoral fellowship (PNPD) granted to R.G. Souza and financing of the project: Microbial dynamics and viability of land use coverage in the natural regeneration of dunes impacted by mining on the coast of Paraíba, Brazil (Proc. N° 23038.036344/2008-91). This work was also supported by CNPq/INCT Herbário Virtual da Flora e dos Fungos. The authors are indebted to Vilma Santos, Indra Escobar and Larissa Pereira for helping during soil collections.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Fungos, Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Nelson Chaves, s/n, Recife, PE, 50670-420, Brazil

    Danielle Karla Alves da Silva, Camilla Maciel Rabelo Pereira, Renata Gomes de Souza & Leonor Costa Maia

  2. Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Nelson Chaves, s/n, Recife, PE, 50670-420, Brazil

    Gladstone Alves da Silva

  3. Federal Research Institute Agroscope Reckenholz-Tänikon ART, Ecological Farming Systems, Reckenholzstrasse 191, 8046, Zurich, Switzerland

    Fritz Oehl

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  1. Danielle Karla Alves da Silva
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  2. Camilla Maciel Rabelo Pereira
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  3. Renata Gomes de Souza
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  4. Gladstone Alves da Silva
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  6. Leonor Costa Maia
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Correspondence to Danielle Karla Alves da Silva.

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da Silva, D.K.A., Pereira, C.M.R., de Souza, R.G. et al. Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in restinga and dunes areas in Brazilian Northeast. Biodivers Conserv 21, 2361–2373 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-012-0329-8

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