Abstract
Ballast water-mediated bioinvasion is a major threat to the health of aquatic ecosystems. Port environments are hotspots for marine bioinvasion due to ballast water uptake and discharge activities. As the first of its kind pilot study in a tropical ecosystem, we investigated short-term changes in the bacterial community at a port during ballast water discharge (BWD). Total bacterial count and total viable bacteria varied significantly in the port, which can be attributed to BWD. While Vibrio alginolyticus numbers increased, V. parahaemolyticus decreased during BWD, whereas total coliforms were reduced over time. Before BWD, Actinobacteria, β- and γ-proteobacteria were dominant at the port. However, Bacteroidetes and γ-proteobacteria were abundant after BWD, which may have been inoculated in the port through ballast water. Such a shift in bacterial diversity can alter the functional characteristics of the port and is a cause for concern. Investigating the long-term changes due to repeated inoculations will help in developing appropriate environmental management practices.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank the Director, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, for his support and encouragement. We are thankful to the New Mangalore Port Trust for giving the necessary permissions for smooth collection of data. We gratefully acknowledge Dr. Ranjith Eswaran, Dr. Laxman Gardade and Dr. Niyati Hede for their help during the sampling at the port. The first author (NK) would like to acknowledge Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) for the award of Senior Research Fellowship (SRF). This work was funded by the Ballast Water Management Program, India (Ministry of Shipping and DG shipping) (GAP 2429) and CSIR funded Ocean Finder Program (PSC 0105). This is a NIO contribution No. 6988.
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This research was funded by the Ballast Water Management Program, India (Ministry of Shipping and DG shipping) (GAP 2429) and CSIR funded Ocean Finder Program (PSC 0105).
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Conceptualization: NK, LK, ACA; Sample collection: NK, LK, KM; Sample analysis and data processing: NK, LK, KM; Writing, review & editing: NK, LK, ACA; Funding acquisition: ACA.
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Kuchi, N., Khandeparker, L., Anil, A.C. et al. Changes in the bacterial community in port waters during ship’s ballast water discharge. Biol Invasions 25, 1071–1086 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-022-02963-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-022-02963-8