Abstract
Although extensive research efforts have been dedicated to characterizing the laccase from white-rot fungus, little information is available on laccases from Trichoderma spp. A copper-tolerant strain with the ability to produce laccase was isolated and identified as Trichoderma asperellum Ts93. Under optimized conditions, the maximum laccase activity was 1.96 U/ml. The genome-wide survey of Ts93 revealed the presence of seven putative laccase genes that all contained the conserved domain and were divided into three different phylogenetic groups. Among these genes, three contained the four copper-binding conserved regions. The expression profiles acquired through real-time quantitative PCR analysis showed that five of the seven genes were significantly upregulated in response to laccase activity. Seven laccase genes in T. asperellum were identified for the first time by whole-genome sequencing followed by phylogenetic analysis. The findings of this work provide valuable information for the functional analysis of laccase genes in Trichoderma spp.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
An Q, Qiao J, Bian LS, Han ML, Yan XY, Liu ZZ, Xie CY (2020) Comparative study on laccase activity of white rot fungi under submerged fermentation with different lignocellulosic wastes. BioResources 15:9166–9179. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.4.9166-9179
Baldrian P (2006) Fungal laccases-occurrence and properties. FEMS Microbiol Rev 30:215–242. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-4976.2005.00010.x
Bamforth SM, Singleton I (2005) Bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: current knowledge and future directions. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 80:723–736. https://doi.org/10.1002/jctb.1276
Bilal M, Rasheed T, Nabeel F, Iqbal HMN, Zhao Y (2019) Hazardous contaminants in the environment and their laccase-assisted degradation—a review. J Environ Manag 234:253–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.01.001
Cazares-Garcia SV, Vazquez-Garciduenas MS, Vazquez-Marrufo G (2013) Structural and phylogenetic analysis of laccases from Trichoderma: a bioinformatic approach. PLoS ONE 8:e55295. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0055295
Druzhinina IS, Seidl-Seiboth V, Herrera-Estrella A, Horwitz BA, Kenerley CM, Monte E, Mukherjee PK, Zeilinger S, Grigoriev IV, Kubicek CP (2011) Trichoderma: the genomics of opportunistic success. Nat Rev Microbiol 9:749–759. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro2637
Elisashvili V, Kachlishvili E (2009) Physiological regulation of laccase and manganese peroxidase production by white-rot basidiomycetes. J Biotechnol 144:37–42
Giardina P, Faraco V, Pezzella C, Piscitelli A, Vanhulle S, Sannia G (2010) Laccases: a never-ending story. Cell Mol Life Sci 67:369–385. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-009-0169-1
Huang D, Wu JZ, Wang L, Liu XM, Meng J, Tang XJ, Tang CX, Xu JM (2019) Novel insight into adsorption and co-adsorption of heavy metal ions and an organic pollutant by magnetic graphene nanomaterials in water. Chem Eng J 358:1399–1409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2018.10.138
Jaber SM, Shah UKM, Asa’ari AZM, Ariff AB (2017) Optimization of laccase production by locally isolated Trichoderma muroiana IS1037 using rubber wood dust as substrate. BioResources 12:3834–3849. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.12.2.3834-3849
Kudanga T, Nemadziva B, Le Roes-Hill M (2017) Laccase catalysis for the synthesis of bioactive compounds. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 101:13–33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-016-7987-5
Mukherjee PK, Horwitz BA, Herrera-Estrella A, Schmoll M, Kenerley CM (2013) Trichoderma research in the genome era. Annu Rev Phytopathol 51:105–129. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-082712-102353
Piscitelli A, Del Vecchio C, Faraco V, Giardina P, MacEllaro G, Miele A, Pezzella C, Sannia G (2011) Fungal laccases: versatile tools for lignocellulose transformation. C R Biol 334:789–794. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2011.06.007
Polak J, Jarosz-Wilkolazka A (2012) Fungal laccases as green catalysts for dye synthesis. Process Biochem 47:1295–1307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2012.05.006
Rivera-Hoyos CM, Morales-Álvarez ED, Poutou-Piñales RA, Pedroza-Rodríguez AM, RodrÍguez-Vázquez R, Delgado-Boada JM (2013) Fungal laccases. Fungal Biol Rev 27:67–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbr.2013.07.001
Sadhasivam S, Savitha S, Swaminathan K (2009) Redox-mediated decolorization of recalcitrant textile dyes by Trichoderma harzianum WL1 laccase. World J Microb Biotechnol 25:1733–1741. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11274-009-0069-4
Shanmugam S, Ulaganathan P, Sivasubramanian S, Esakkimuthu S, Krishnaswamy S, Subramaniam S (2017) Trichoderma asperellum laccase mediated crystal violet degradation-optimization of experimental conditions and characterization. J Environ Chem Eng 5:222–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2016.11.044
Umar A (2021) Screening and evaluation of laccase produced by different Trichoderma species along with their phylogenetic relationship. Arch Microbiol 203:4319–4327. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-021-02420-5
Unuofin JO, Okoh AI, Nwodo UU (2019) Aptitude of oxidative enzymes for treatment of wastewater pollutants: a laccase perspective. Molecules 24:1–36. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24112064
Yang XR, Gu CG, Lin Y (2020) A novel fungal laccase from sordaria macrospora k-hell: expression, characterization, and application for lignin degradation. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 43:1133–1139. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-020-02309-5
Funding
This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China 31660020, Science and Technology Project Founded by the Education Department of Jiangxi Province GJJ151252, GJJ161233.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
XL performed the cultivation, DNA extraction. KF designed the experiments, participated in genome comparison of selected genes, and contributed to the writing of the manuscript. LF supervised the project and reviewed the manuscript, provided computational support and contributed to the writing of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Ethical approval
This study focused on the analysis of fungi. The work does not describe any studies involving human participants or animals. Our manuscript complies with the Ethical Rules applicable.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Fu, K., Fan, L. & Luo, X. Identification of laccase genes in Trichoderma asperellum Ts93. Biotechnol Lett 45, 479–487 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-023-03349-z
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-023-03349-z