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Harris hawks optimizer based on the novice protection tournament for numerical and engineering optimization problems

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Abstract

The Harris hawks optimizer (HHO) is a novel meta-heuristic algorithm that imitates a Harris hawk’s hunting behavior and has an efficient exploitation mode. However, it suffers from low exploration because the transition of the search style is mainly based on the escape energy and it focuses on exploitation in the middle and later periods of the algorithm. In this paper, to overcome the weaknesses of the HHO, a Harris hawks optimizer based on the novice protection tournament (NpTHHO) is proposed to overcome the weaknesses of the HHO. Inspired by the root-mean-square prop (RMSProp) in machine learning, we first propose a novice protection mechanism to better reallocate resources. Then, we add a mutation mechanism to the exploration stage to further improve the global search efficiency of the HHO. Finally, we take into consideration 23 benchmark functions and several engineering optimization problems to verify the performance of the proposed algorithm. Experimental results indicate the proposed algorithm’s competitive performance compared to the HHO and other well-established algorithms.

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Acknowledgments

This research was funded in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant number 61801521 and 61971450, in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province under grant number 2018JJ2533, and in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under grant number 2018gczd014 and 20190038020050.

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  1. School of Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China

    Wenyu Li, Ronghua Shi & Jian Dong

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  1. Wenyu Li
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  2. Ronghua Shi
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  3. Jian Dong
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Correspondence to Jian Dong.

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Appendix A

Appendix A

See Tables 14, 15 and 16

Table 14 Description of unimodal benchmark functions
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Table 15 Description of multimodal benchmark functions
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Table 16 Description of fixed-dimension multimodal benchmark functions
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Li, W., Shi, R. & Dong, J. Harris hawks optimizer based on the novice protection tournament for numerical and engineering optimization problems. Appl Intell 53, 6133–6158 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-022-03743-6

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