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Fluid–Structure Interaction Analysis of Papillary Muscle Forces Using a Comprehensive Mitral Valve Model with 3D Chordal Structure

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Abstract

Numerical models of native heart valves are being used to study valve biomechanics to aid design and development of repair procedures and replacement devices. These models have evolved from simple two-dimensional approximations to complex three-dimensional, fully coupled fluid–structure interaction (FSI) systems. Such simulations are useful for predicting the mechanical and hemodynamic loading on implanted valve devices. A current challenge for improving the accuracy of these predictions is choosing and implementing modeling boundary conditions. In order to address this challenge, we are utilizing an advanced in vitro system to validate FSI conditions for the mitral valve system. Explanted ovine mitral valves were mounted in an in vitro setup, and structural data for the mitral valve was acquired with \(\mu\)CT. Experimental data from the in vitro ovine mitral valve system were used to validate the computational model. As the valve closes, the hemodynamic data, high speed leaflet dynamics, and force vectors from the in vitro system were compared to the results of the FSI simulation computational model. The total force of 2.6 N per papillary muscle is matched by the computational model. In vitro and in vivo force measurements enable validating and adjusting material parameters to improve the accuracy of computational models. The simulations can then be used to answer questions that are otherwise not possible to investigate experimentally. This work is important to maximize the validity of computational models of not just the mitral valve, but any biomechanical aspect using computational simulation in designing medical devices.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by a grant from the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (R01-HL092926).

Conflict of interest

No benefits in any form have been or will be received from a commercial party related directly or indirectly to the subject of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Technology Enterprise Park, Suite 200, 387 Technology Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30313-2412, USA

    Milan Toma, Morten Ø. Jensen & Ajit P. Yoganathan

  2. Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA

    Daniel R. Einstein

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maine, 219 Boardman Hall, Orono, ME, 04469-5711, USA

    Richard P. Cochran & Karyn S. Kunzelman

Authors
  1. Milan Toma
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  2. Morten Ø. Jensen
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  3. Daniel R. Einstein
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  4. Ajit P. Yoganathan
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  5. Richard P. Cochran
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  6. Karyn S. Kunzelman
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Karyn S. Kunzelman.

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Associate Editor Jane Grande-Allen oversaw the review of this article.

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Toma, M., Jensen, M.Ø., Einstein, D.R. et al. Fluid–Structure Interaction Analysis of Papillary Muscle Forces Using a Comprehensive Mitral Valve Model with 3D Chordal Structure. Ann Biomed Eng 44, 942–953 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-015-1385-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-015-1385-5

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