Abstract
An experimental method for evaluating pressure fields in a microchannel flow was studied using μPIV measurement in conjunction with the pressure Poisson equation. The pressure error due to the influence of numbers of measurement planes, computational grids for solving pressure Poisson equation, and an experimental error in μPIV measurement was evaluated with respect to the exact solution of Navier–Stokes equation for straight microchannel flow. The mean velocity field in microchannel junction flows with bifurcation and confluence was measured by a μPIV system, which consists of a CCD camera and a microscope with an in-line illumination of white light from stroboscopes. The planar velocity fields at various cross-sections of the microchannel flow were measured by traversing the focal plane within a depth of focus of the microscope. The pressure contour in the microchannel flow was evaluated by solving the pressure Poisson equation with the experimental velocity data. The results indicate that the pressure field in the microchannel junction flow agrees closely with the numerical simulation of laminar channel flow, which suggests the validity of the present method.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10404-006-0088-5/MediaObjects/10404_2006_88_Fig1_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10404-006-0088-5/MediaObjects/10404_2006_88_Fig2_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10404-006-0088-5/MediaObjects/10404_2006_88_Fig3_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10404-006-0088-5/MediaObjects/10404_2006_88_Fig4_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10404-006-0088-5/MediaObjects/10404_2006_88_Fig5_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10404-006-0088-5/MediaObjects/10404_2006_88_Fig6_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10404-006-0088-5/MediaObjects/10404_2006_88_Fig7_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10404-006-0088-5/MediaObjects/10404_2006_88_Fig8_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10404-006-0088-5/MediaObjects/10404_2006_88_Fig9_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10404-006-0088-5/MediaObjects/10404_2006_88_Fig10_HTML.gif)
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adrian RJ (1991) Particle-imaging techniques for experimental fluid mechanics. Annu Rev Fluid Mech 22:261–304
Berton E, Maresca C, Favier D (2004) A new experimental method for determining local airloads on rotor blades in forward flight. Exp Fluids 37:455–457
Cheng Y, Oertel H, Schenkel T (2005) Fluid-structure coupled CFD simulation of the left ventricular flow during filling phase. Ann Biomed Eng 33:567–576
Fujisawa N, Nakamura K, Srinivas K (2004) Interaction of two parallel plane jets of different velocities. J Vis 7:135–142
Fujisawa N, Tanahashi S, Srinivas K (2005) Evaluation of pressure field and fluid forces on a circular cylinder with and without rotational oscillation using velocity data from PIV measurement. Meas Sci Technol 16:989–996
Gurka R, Liberzon A, Hefetz D, Rubinstein D, Shavit U (1999) Computation of pressure distribution using PIV velocity data. In: Proceedings of the third international workshop PIV, Santa Barbara, pp 671–676
Hao PF, He F, Zhu KQ (2005) Flow characteristics in a trapezoidal silicon microchannel. J Micromech Microeng 15:1362–1368
Hitt DL, Lowe ML (1999) Confocal imaging of flows in artificial venular bifurcations. ASME J Biomech Eng 121:170–177
Inoue S, Spring K (1997) Video microscopy: the fundamentals. Plenum, New York
Kamholz AE, Schilling EA, Yager P (2001) Optical measurement of transverse molecular diffusion in a microchannel. Biophys J 80:1967–1972
Knudsen JG, Kats DL (1979) Fluid dynamics and heat transfer. Krieger, New York, p 101
Li D (2004) Electrokinetics in microfluidics. Academic, New York
Liepsch D (2002) An introduction to biofluid mechanics: basic models and applications. J Biomech 35:415–435
Meinhart CD, Wereley ST, Santiago JG (1999) PIV measurements of a microchannel flow. Exp Fluids 27:414–419
Meinhart CD, Wereley ST, Gray MHB (2000) Volume illumination for two dimensional particle image velocimetry. Meas Sci Technol 11:809–814
Noca F, Shields D, Jeon D (1999) A comparison of methods for evaluating time-dependent fluid dynamic forces on bodies, using only velocity fields and their derivatives. J Fluids Struct 13:551–578
Okamoto S (2003) Visualization of impingement of broken-down vortex on tail. J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 91:65–74
Olsen MG, Adrian RJ (2000) Out-of-focus effects on particle image visibility and correlation in microscopic particle image velocimetry. Exp Fluids 29:S166–S174
Park CW, Lee SJ (2003) Experimental study on surface pressure and flow structure around a triangular prism located behind a porous fence. J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 91:165–184
Pekkan K, Zelicourt D, Ge L, Sotiropoulos F, Frakes D, Fogel MA, Yoganathan AP (2005) Physics-driven CFD modeling of complex anatomical cardiovascular flows: a TCPC case study. Ann Biomed Eng 33:284–300
Poitras GJ, Gagnon Y (2003) Mixed vortex-finite volume method for the computation of pressure fields in fluid flows. Int J Comput Fluid Dyn 17:487–497
Qu W, Gh Mala GM, Li D (2000) Pressure-driven water flows in trapezoidal silicon microchannels. Int J Heat Mass Transf 43:353–364
Raffel M, Willert CE, Kompenhans J (1998) Particle image velocimetry. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 134–46, 158–160
Ren CL, Li D (2004) Electroviscous effects on pressure-driven flow of dilute electrolyte solutions in small microchannels. J Colloid Interf Sci 274:319–330
Santiago JG, Wereley ST, Meinhart CD, Beebe DJ, Adrian RJ (1998) A particle image velocimetry system for microfluidics. Exp Fluids 25:316–319
Sato Y, Kobayashi T, Nakatsuka H, Yamamoto S, Oya H, Watanabe T, Hatakeyama K (2001) Splenic arterial ligation prevents liver injury after a major hepatectomy by a reduction of surplus portal hypertension in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with cirrhosis. Hepato-Gastroenterol J 48:831–835
Sato Y, Yamamoto S, Oya H, Nakatsuka H, Tsukahara A, Kobayashi T, Watanabe T, Hatakeyama K (2002) Splenectomy for reduction of excessive portal hypertension after adult living-related donor liver transplantation. Hepato-Gastroenterol J 49:1652–1655
Sato Y, Irisawa G, Ishizuka M, Hishida K, Maeda M (2003) Visualization of convective mixing in microchannel by fluorescence imaging. Meas Sci Technol 14:114–121
Sato Y, H Watanabe, Ichida T, Yamamoto S, Nakatsuka H, Oya H, Kameyama H, Watanabe T, Shimizu K, Abo T, Hatakeyama K (2004) Wall shear stress and intrahepatic leukocytes of graft in living related donor liver transplantation. Hepato-Gastroenterol J 51:329–333
Sinton D (2004) Microscale flow visualization. Microfluidics Nanofluidics 1:2–21
Sugii Y, Okamoto K (2004) Quantitative visualization of micro-tube flow using micro-PIV. J Vis 7:9–16
Sugii Y, Nishio S, Okamoto K (2002) In vivo PIV measurement of red blood cell velocity field in microvessels considering mesentery motion. Physiol Meas 23:1–14
Unal MF, Lin JC, Rockwell D (1997) Force prediction by PIV imaging: a momentum based approach. J Fluids Struct 11:965–971
Wang C, Gao Y, Nguyen NT, Wong TN, Yang C, Ooi KT (2005) Interface control of pressure-driven two-fluid flow in microchannels using electroosmosis. J Micromech Microeng 15:2289–2297
Acknowledgement
The authors acknowledge preliminary study on this topic conducted by Mr. K. Nakamura from Graduate School of Niigata University.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Fujisawa, N., Nakamura, Y., Matsuura, F. et al. Pressure field evaluation in microchannel junction flows through μPIV measurement. Microfluid Nanofluid 2, 447–453 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10404-006-0088-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10404-006-0088-5