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A brittle-ductile index for transversely isotropic rock based on energy evolution of the characteristic stress and its application

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Abstract

The mechanical behavior of the brittle-ductile transformation of rock is an important aspect of rock mechanics research. To study the evaluation method of the brittle-ductile transformation of transversely isotropic rock, uniaxial and triaxial compression tests are performed on phyllite samples with different bedding angles to explore the energy evolution process and distribution law of loaded transversely isotropic rock, and an evaluation method of the brittle-ductile transformation of transversely isotropic rock based on energy evolution characteristics is proposed. The results show that the energy density of a rock sample increases with increasing confining pressure, and with the increase in the bedding angle from 0° to 90°, the ability of the rock sample to absorb and store energy before the peak point of the stress–strain curve first decreases and subsequently increases. Based on the energy expansion coefficient K and energy drop coefficient H, it is proposed that the transversely isotropic rock exhibits absolutely brittle, brittle, moderately brittle, ductile, and completely ductile characteristics when 1 < K < 1.5, 1 < K < 1.5, 1.5 ≤ K < 2, K ≥ 2, and K ≥ 3 in the expansion stage before the peak and when H = 0, 0 < H < 1.5, 1.5 ≤ H < 3, H ≥ 3, and H ≥ 5 in the stress drop stage after the peak. By defining the energy-based plastic deformation coefficient S = K + H, when 1 < S < 1.5, 1 < S < 3, 3 ≤ S < 5, S ≥ 5, and S ≥ 8, the transversely isotropic rock exhibits absolutely brittle, brittle, moderately brittle, ductile, and completely ductile characteristics. The experimental results verify the rationality of the proposed index and can improve the evaluation of the brittle-ductile transformation of rock.

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Data availability

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors express special thanks to the editors and anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments.

Funding

This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52108367), the Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education (Grant No. YCSW2021021), and the Science and Technology Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous (Grant No. AD21238018).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China

    Jiabing Zhang, Xiaohu Zhang, Zhen Huang & Jiacong Huang

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  1. Jiabing Zhang
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  2. Xiaohu Zhang
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  3. Zhen Huang
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  4. Jiacong Huang
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Correspondence to Zhen Huang.

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Zhang, J., Zhang, X., Huang, Z. et al. A brittle-ductile index for transversely isotropic rock based on energy evolution of the characteristic stress and its application. Bull Eng Geol Environ 82, 35 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-022-03060-9

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