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Na3V2(PO4)3/C nanofiber bifunction as anode and cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries

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Abstract

Na3V2(PO4)3/C composite nanofibers are prepared successfully through a coaxial electrospinning technique and subsequent calcination. The diameter of the prepared nanofibers is uniformly distributed (about 100∼200 nm), and the composite nanofibers (NF-NVP/C) contain Na3V2(PO4)3 nanofibers and carbon nanofibers, and Na3V2(PO4)3 nanoparticles with diameters of 5–10 nm are embedded into the composite nanofibers. The NF-NVP/C anode exhibits a high reversible capacity 189.9 mAh/g at a current rate of 0.2 C (1 C=118 mA/g) in the voltage range of 0.01–3.00 V (vs. Na+/Na). Even at high rates of 5 and 10 C, this anode displays discharge capacities of 105.1 and 80.4 mAh/g at the second cycle and capacity retentions of 83 and 77% after 200 and 500 cycles, respectively. A sodium-ion full cell with NF-NVP/C as the electroactive material of both positive and negative electrodes presents two average operating voltages at ∼0.5 and ∼1.5 V and delivers a reversible capacity of 106.2 mAh/g at a current density of 100 mA/g in a voltage range of 0.01–4.00 V. The outstanding electrochemical performance is attributed to the unique nanofiber structure and uniform distribution of NVP nanoparticles in the highly conductive carbon matrix.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21671096, No. 51364007, No. 21603094, and No. 51502032), Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2016A030310376), Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province (No. 2013GXNSFAA019304l), Natural Science Foundation of Shenzhen (Nos. JCYJ20150630145302231, JCYJ20150331101823677), and the Shenzhen Peacock Plan (KQCX20140522150815065). S.Y. and Y.S.C thank the support from the Guangdong and Shenzhen Innovative Research Team Program (Nos. 2011D052, KYPT20121228160843692).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518055, China

    Qing Zhu, Bo Nan, Yang Shi, Yinggang Zhu, Sisi Wu, Liqing He, Yonghong Deng & Zhouguang Lu

  2. College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China

    Qing Zhu & Quanqi Chen

  3. Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploration of Hidden Nonferrous Metal Deposits and Development of New Materials in Guangxi, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China

    Quanqi Chen

  4. State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China

    Liping Wang

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  1. Qing Zhu
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Correspondence to Quanqi Chen or Zhouguang Lu.

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Zhu, Q., Nan, B., Shi, Y. et al. Na3V2(PO4)3/C nanofiber bifunction as anode and cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries. J Solid State Electrochem 21, 2985–2995 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-017-3627-y

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