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Comparative study of the electrochemical properties of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 doped by bivalent ions (Cu2+, Mg2+, and Zn2+)

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Abstract

The 5V-positive electrode materials LiNi0.45M0.05Mn1.5O4 (M = Cu, Mg and Zn) are synthesized via a thermopolymerization method. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses indicate that these doped LiNi0.45M0.05Mn1.5O4 samples remain their spinel structure with an octahedral morphology. According to the results of infrared spectroscopy, Cu2+ and Mg2+ ions take partially the place of Ni2+ ions and occupy the 4b sites of the P4332 space group, while Zn2+ ions occupy the 8a sites of the Fd3m space group by displacing some Li+ ions originally at the 8a sites into the 16d sites. The LiNi0.45Cu0.05Mn1.5O4 and LiNi0.45Mg0.05Mn1.5O4 samples exhibit excellent rate performance with specific capacities of 98.3 and 92.4 mAh g−1, respectively, at the charge–discharge rate of 10 C, while the LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 sample delivers only 78.9 mAh g−1 at 10 C. Besides, the LiNi0.45Cu0.05Mn1.5O4 and LiNi0.45Mg0.05Mn1.5O4 samples show good capacity retention at high temperature (55 °C) with the capacities of 117.6 and 119.5 mAh g−1, respectively, after 100 cycles at 1 C.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (grant no. 51577175), NSAF (grant no. U1630106), Hefei Center of Materials Science and Technology (2014FXZY006), and the Education Ministry of Anhui Province (KJ2014ZD36). We are also grateful to Elementec Ltd. in Suzhou.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversions, Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China

    Miao-Miao Deng, Bang-Kun Zou, Yu Shao, Zhong-Feng Tang & Chun-Hua Chen

  2. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Heifei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China

    Miao-Miao Deng

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  1. Miao-Miao Deng
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Correspondence to Chun-Hua Chen.

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Deng, MM., Zou, BK., Shao, Y. et al. Comparative study of the electrochemical properties of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 doped by bivalent ions (Cu2+, Mg2+, and Zn2+). J Solid State Electrochem 21, 1733–1742 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-017-3545-z

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