Summary.
Antagonists of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor complex inhibit the development of tolerance to antinociceptive effects of morphine and upon acute administration, influence morphine antinociceptive activity. The analysis of numerous studies investigating acute interaction between NMDA receptor antagonists and morphine in mice indicate a variety of procedural differences and reveal that these compounds may potentiate, attenuate and produce no effect on morphine antinociception. The conditions responsible for such conflicting experimental outcome of acute interaction remain unclear. It appears that the effects of NMDA receptor antagonists on morphine tolerance are not causally related to their acute effects on morphine antinociception.
Similar content being viewed by others
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Received July 6, 2001 Accepted August 6, 2001 Published online August 9, 2002
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kozela, E., Popik, P. The effects of NMDA receptor antagonists on acute morphine antinociception in mice. Amino Acids 23, 163–168 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-001-0123-5
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-001-0123-5