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Molecular cloning and functional analysis of the phosphomannomutase (PMM) gene from Dendrobium officinale and evidence for the involvement of an abiotic stress response during germination

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Abstract

Phosphomannomutase (PMM, EC 5.4.2.8) catalyzes the interconversion of mannose-6-phosphate to mannose-1-phosphate, the precursor for the synthesis of GDP-mannose. In this study, the complementary DNA (cDNA) of the Phosphomannomutase (PMM) gene was initially cloned from Dendrobium officinale by RACE method. Transient transform result showed that the DoPMM protein was localized in the cytoplasm. The DoPMM gene was highly expressed in the stems of D. officinale both in vegetative and reproductive developmental stages. The putative promoter was cloned by TAIL-PCR and used for searched cis-elements. Stress-related cis-elements like ABRE, TCA-element, and MBS were found in the promoter regions. The DoPMM gene was up-regulated after treatment with abscisic acid, salicylic acid, cold, polyethylene glycol, and NaCl. The total ascorbic acid (AsA) and polysaccharide content in all of the 35S::DoPMM Arabidopsis thaliana transgenic lines #1, #2, and #5 showed a 40, 39, and 31% increase in AsA and a 77, 22, and 39% increase in polysaccharides, respectively more than wild-type (WT) levels. All three 35S::DoPMM transgenic lines exhibited a higher germination percentage than WT plants when seeded on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 150 mM NaCl or 300 mM mannitol. These results provide genetic evidence for the involvement of PMM genes in the biosynthesis of AsA and polysaccharides and the mediation of PMM genes in abiotic stress tolerance during seed germination in A. thaliana.

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Abbreviations

ABA:

Abscisic acid

DW:

Dry weight

FW:

Fresh weight

GMP:

GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase

HAD:

Haloalkanoic acid dehalogenase

PEG:

Polyethylene glycol

PMM:

Phosphomannomutase

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SA:

Salicylic acid

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China Projects (Grant number 31370365), the Transformation of Agricultural Science and Technology Achievement Fund (Contract number 2013GB24910676), and the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (Project number 2012A020602100).

Author contributions

JD conceived the experiments and experimental design. CH, SZ, and JT analyzed the data. ZY analyzed the polysaccharides. CH and JATdS collectively interpreted all data and results and wrote all drafts. All six authors approved the final draft for submission, take full public responsibility for the content, and abide and satisfy the conditions of authorship as defined by the four clauses of the ICMJE.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Gene Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China

    Chunmei He, Songjun Zeng, Zhenming Yu, Jianwen Tan & Jun Duan

  2. P. O. Box 7, Miki-cho post office, Ikenobe 3011-2, Kagawa-ken, Takamatsu, 761-0799, Japan

    Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva

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  1. Chunmei He
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  2. Songjun Zeng
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Correspondence to Jun Duan.

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ESM 1

Fig. S1 Schematic representation of the secondary structure of DoPMM by using two online software (http://distill.ucd.ie/porter/ and http://www.predictprotein.org/). The red area represents the core domain, the cyan area the cap domain, and the blue area the linker. Fig. S2 The tertiary structure of the DoPMM protein with a cap domain and a core domain. The tertiary structure was predicted by SWISS-MODEL (http://swissmodel.expasy.org/). Fig. S3 The DoPMM protein without the transmembrane spanning domain predicted by TMHMM v. 2.0 (http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/TMHMM/). Fig. S4 The two stages of development (vegetative and reproductive) of D. officinale. In vitro-derived seedlings about 8 cm in height in the vegetative stage were cultured on half-strength MS medium containing 0.1% activated carbon, 2% sucrose, and 0.6% agar (pH 5.4). Seedlings were grown in a growth chamber at 26 ± 1 °C, 40 μmol m−2 s−1, and a 12-h photoperiod. The flowering D. officinale plants, about 13 months old, were grown in a greenhouse (Guangzhou, China) under natural conditions. (DOCX 2591 kb)

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He, C., Zeng, S., Teixeira da Silva, J.A. et al. Molecular cloning and functional analysis of the phosphomannomutase (PMM) gene from Dendrobium officinale and evidence for the involvement of an abiotic stress response during germination. Protoplasma 254, 1693–1704 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-016-1044-1

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