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Geminiviral betasatellites: critical viral ammunition to conquer plant immunity

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Abstract

Geminiviruses have mastered plant cell modulation and immune invasion to ensue prolific infection. Encoding a relatively small number of multifunctional proteins, geminiviruses rely on satellites to efficiently re-wire plant immunity, thereby fostering virulence. Among the known satellites, betasatellites have been the most extensively investigated. They contribute significantly to virulence, enhance virus accumulation, and induce disease symptoms. To date, only two betasatellite proteins, βC1, and βV1, have been shown to play a crucial role in virus infection. In this review, we offer an overview of plant responses to betasatellites and counter-defense strategies deployed by betasatellites to overcome those responses.

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge the facilities supported by DBT BUILDER (grant no. BT/INF/22/SP45382/2022) and DST FIST-II (grant no. SR/FST/LSII-046/2016(C)) to SC. SK acknowledges the University Grants Commission for a JRF fellowship.

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  1. Molecular Virology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India

    Sunil Kumar, Neha Gupta & Supriya Chakraborty

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Kumar, S., Gupta, N. & Chakraborty, S. Geminiviral betasatellites: critical viral ammunition to conquer plant immunity. Arch Virol 168, 196 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-023-05776-9

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