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Assessing recent impacts of climate change on design water requirement of Boro rice season in Bangladesh

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Abstract

Water requirement is sensitive to the impacts of climate change, especially in Bangladesh because of limited freshwater availability in the dry season, despite the fact that the country’s agriculture sector requires large quantities of water for the crop production. Hence, gaining a better understanding of changes in water requirements in Bangladesh during dry periods is important in the management of agricultural water resources. This study assesses the recent impacts of climate change on the design water requirement (DWR) of the Boro rice–growing season in Bangladesh using a frequency analysis over a 5-year period. The reference evapotranspiration (ETref), crop evapotranspiration (ETp), effective rainfall (ERF), and gross irrigation water requirements (GIWR) of Boro rice were estimated based on daily weather data for the period of 1984–2013 using the CROPWAT8.0 model. The results showed the significant decreasing trends of ETref in most of these Boro rice growth stages in all districts. The GIWR of Boro rice and its trends demonstrated significant spatial heterogeneity in the last three decades due to significant changes in the ERF and ETp. The DWR of Boro rice–growing season also supported the results of the GIWR, and the Weibull probability distribution function (PDF) is found to be an optimal PDF among eight PDFs for the estimation of DWR. Overall, the results indicate that a recent climate change does not only contribute to high water demands for the crop but also result in decrease water requirements due to variations in wind speed, sunshine hours, and relative humidity.

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge the Chinese Govt. Scholarship (CSC) and the Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology for other sorts of supports during the study. The authors would like to greatly acknowledge the Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD) for providing the necessary datasets during this study period.

Funding

This study was supported by the China special fund for meteorological research in the public interest (Major project: GYHY201506001-6).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China

    ARM Towfiqul Islam, Shuanghe Shen, Shenbin Yang & Zhenghua Hu

  2. Department of Disaster management, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, 5400, Bangladesh

    ARM Towfiqul Islam

  3. School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China

    Shuanghe Shen, Shenbin Yang, Zhenghua Hu & Ronghao Chu

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  1. ARM Towfiqul Islam
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  2. Shuanghe Shen
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  4. Zhenghua Hu
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  5. Ronghao Chu
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Correspondence to ARM Towfiqul Islam.

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Islam, A.T., Shen, S., Yang, S. et al. Assessing recent impacts of climate change on design water requirement of Boro rice season in Bangladesh. Theor Appl Climatol 138, 97–113 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-019-02818-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-019-02818-8

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