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Dual-potential electrochemiluminescence of single luminophore for detection of biomarker based on black phosphorus quantum dots as co-reactant

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Abstract

Simultaneous cathodic and anodic electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emissions of needle-like nanostructures of Ru(bpy)32+ (RuNDs) as the only luminophore are reported based on different co-reactants. Cathodic ECL was attained from RuNDs/K2S2O8 system, while anodic ECL was achieved from RuNDs/black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) system. Ferrocene attached to the hairpin DNA could quench the cathodic and anodic ECL simultaneously. Subsequently, the ECL signals recovered in the presence of tumor marker mucin 1 (MUC1), which made it possible to quantitatively detect MUC1. The variation of ECL signal was related linearly to the concentrations of MUC1 in the range 20 pg mL−1 to 10 ng mL−1, and the detection limits were calculated to 2.5 pg mL−1 (anodic system, 3σ) and 6.2 pg mL−1 (cathodic system, 3σ), respectively. The recoveries were 97.0%, 105%, and 95.2% obtained from three human serum samples, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) is 5.3%. As a proof of concept, this work realized simultaneous ECL emission of  a single luminophore, which initiates a new thought in biomarker ECL detection beyond the traditional ones.

Graphical abstract

Simultaneous cathodic and anodic ECL emissions of RuNDs were reported based on different co-reactants. Ferrocene could quench the ECL emission in the cathode and the anode simultaneously. Thus, an aptasensor was constructed based on the variation of ECL intensity. As a proof of concept, this work realized simultaneous ECL emission of a single luminophore, which initiates a new thought in biomarker ECL detection beyond the traditional ones by avoiding the false positive signals.

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Funding

This work is financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21575002, 61671019), and Natural Science Foundation from the Bureau of Education of Anhui Province (No. KJ2019A0073).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Coal Clean Conversion and High Valued Utilization, Institute of Material Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, 243002, China

    Hao Yin, YaHao Shi, Hui Liu, YongPing Dong & XiangFeng Chu

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  1. Hao Yin
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  2. YaHao Shi
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  3. Hui Liu
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  4. YongPing Dong
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  5. XiangFeng Chu
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Correspondence to YongPing Dong.

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Supplementary information

Optimization of detection condition and comparison of different methods for determination of MUC1 are provided as Supporting Information.

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Yin, H., Shi, Y., Liu, H. et al. Dual-potential electrochemiluminescence of single luminophore for detection of biomarker based on black phosphorus quantum dots as co-reactant. Microchim Acta 188, 181 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-021-04833-x

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