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Relationship of angiogenin to pathophysiology of diseases

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Abstract

Angiogenin is a powerful stimulator of new blood vessel formation. It is a member of pancreatic ribonuclease (RNase) superfamily. It was originally isolated from conditioned medium of cultured tumor cells. Along with other associated molecules, it has been recognized in a variety of somatic tissues in embryonic stages and adult of vertebrate development. It binds to high-affinity endothelial cell surface receptors and, with lower affinity, to extracellular matrix. This suggests that angiogenin and related molecules are likely to play a vital role in normal physiology, even though the biological significance of angiogenin is uncertain due to weak catalytic activity of the protein. It has a significant critical role in angiogenesis. Angiogenin transported to the nucleus after being endocytosed by endothelial cell, where it was built up in the nucleolus and is a normal constituent of the circulation, rarely undergoes proliferation and promotes neovascularization. In blood angiogenin, levels increase in some physiological and pathological conditions, which may be of a prognostic significance. It also plays an important role in a number of nonmalignant vasculo-proliferative pathological conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, cardiovascular diseases, and rheumatoid arthritis and in malignant diseases such as colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, melanoma, and urothelial cancer lesions. This review article aims to give an overview of the biochemical structure, receptor translocation, physiology, and types of angiogenin, in addition to its main role in pathological states and ultimately it's effect as a beneficial therapeutic approach.

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  1. Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assuit, Egypt

    Naglaa K. Idriss, Madeha M. Zakhary & Hosney A. Hassen

  2. Anesthesiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assuit, Egypt

    Sherif Sayed

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  1. Naglaa K. Idriss
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Idriss, N.K., Sayed, S., Zakhary, M.M. et al. Relationship of angiogenin to pathophysiology of diseases. Comp Clin Pathol 24, 229–239 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-013-1837-y

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