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Does participation in therapeutic exercise programs after finishing oncology treatment still ensure an adequate health status for long-term breast cancer survivors? A ≥ 5 years follow-up study

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Abstract

Purpose

The aims of this study were to evaluate whether the effects of two therapeutic exercise programs are sustained over time (≥ 5 years) in long-term breast cancer survivors (LTBCS). Second, to determine the influence of the current level of physical activity (PA) performed on cancer-related fatigue (CRF) that these patients may present ≥5 years later.

Methods

A prospective observational study was conducted with a cohort of 80 LTBCS in Granada during 2018. Firstly, considering their participation in one of the programs, they were allocated into two groups: usual care and therapeutic exercise program, to assess CRF, pain and pressure pain sensitivity, muscle strength, functional capacity, and quality of life. Secondly, they were also classified into 3 groups according to current level of weekly PA performed: ≤ 3, 3.1–7.4, and ≥ 7.5 (MET-hour/week) respectively, to assess its impact over CRF.

Results

Although the positive effects of the programs are not sustained over time, a trend toward significance can be observed for a greater reduction in overall CRF levels, lower intensity of pain in the affected arm and cervical region, and greater functional capacity and quality of life in the group that underwent therapeutic exercise. Additionally, 66.25% of LTBCS are inactive ≥ 5 years after completion of the program and furthermore, such inactivity is accompanied by higher CRF levels (P .013 to .046).

Conclusion

The positive effects of therapeutic exercise programs are not maintained over time for LTBCS. Additionally, more than half of these women (66.25%) are inactive ≥ 5 years after completion of the program, this inactivity being accompanied by higher levels of CRF.

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Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of long-term breast cancer survivors who wanted to participate in this project. This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [Plan Estatal de I+D+I 2013-2016]; Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria del Instituto de Salud Carlos III [PI14/01627]; Fondos Estructurales de la Unión Europea (FEDER). This study took place thanks to the additional funding from the University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigación 2016. Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Scientific Excellence Unit on Exercise and Health (UCEES).

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Funding

This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [Plan Estatal de I+D+I 2013-2016]; Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria del Instituto de Salud Carlos III [PI14/01627]; Fondos Estructurales de la Unión Europea (FEDER). This study took place thanks to the additional funding from the University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigación 2016. Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Scientific Excellence Unit on Exercise and Health (UCEES).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, European University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain

    Francisco Álvarez-Salvago & Clara Pujol-Fuentes

  2. Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain

    Francisco Álvarez-Salvago, José Daniel Jiménez-García, Antonio Martínez-Amat & Agustín Aibar-Almazán

  3. Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071, Jaén, Spain

    José Daniel Jiménez-García

  4. Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, European University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain

    Sandra Atienzar-Aroca

  5. Health Sciences PhD Program, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain

    Cristina Molina-García

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  1. Francisco Álvarez-Salvago
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Francisco Álvarez Salvago, José Daniel Jimenez García, and Agustín Aibar Almazán. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Francisco Álvarez Salvago, Sandra Atienzar Aroca, Clara Pujol Fuentes, and Cristina Molina García, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to José Daniel Jiménez-García.

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This study was performed in line with the principles of The Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Biomedical Research Ethical Committee of Granada (CEIm) (1038-N-16 I.P).

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Originally, participants were welcomed for assessments by a physiotherapist, who gave detailed information about the study. Once they signed written informed consent, a blinded researcher carried out the first assessment (baseline data), the reassessment at the end of the 8-week program, and a new reassessment 6 months after completion of the program, all between September 2009 and September 2012.

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Álvarez-Salvago, F., Jiménez-García, J.D., Martínez-Amat, A. et al. Does participation in therapeutic exercise programs after finishing oncology treatment still ensure an adequate health status for long-term breast cancer survivors? A ≥ 5 years follow-up study. Support Care Cancer 31, 343 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-023-07801-8

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