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Risk factors for childhood chronic kidney disease: a population-based study

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Abstract

Background

The population-based prevalence and risk factors of childhood chronic kidney disease (CKD) are not well-defined. We ascertained childhood CKD epidemiology and perinatal risk factors, based on a large computerized medical record database that covers most of southern Israel’s population.

Methods

Pre- and post-natal records of 79,374 eligible children (with at least one serum creatinine test) born during 2001–2015 were analyzed. “Ever-CKD” was defined as ≥ 2 estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) values < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 beyond age 2 years, more than 3 months apart. The last CKD status was determined on March 2019.

Results

Of 82 (0.1%) patients with ever-CKD, 35 (42.7%) had their first abnormal eGFR identified already at age 2 years. In multiple logistic regression analysis, congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT)-related diagnoses, glomerulopathy, maternal oligohydramnios, small for gestational age, prematurity (under 34 weeks), post-term delivery, and small for gestational age at birth were significant risk factors for ever-CKD (odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 44.34(26.43–74.39), 64.60(32.42–128.70), 5.54(3.01–10.19), 2.02(1.25–3.28), 4.45(2.13–9.28), 2.96(1.28–6.86 and 2.02(1.25–3.28), respectively). Seventy children with ever-CKD (85.4%) had a depressed eGFR (< 90 ml/min/1.73 m2) on the last assessment (current-CKD), yielding a prevalence of 882/million.

Conclusions

CKD is more prevalent among children in southern Israel than previously reported, even after excluding those with aborted-CKD. Prenatal conditions increase the risk to develop CKD in childhood.

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Author notes

  1. Michael Geylis and Tara Coreanu contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Soroka University Medical Center, 151 Rager Boulevard, 84101, Beer-Sheva, Israel

    Michael Geylis

  2. Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel

    Michael Geylis & Victor Novack

  3. Clinical Research Center, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel

    Tara Coreanu & Victor Novack

  4. Department of Nephrology, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel

    Daniel Landau

  5. Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Daniel Landau

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  1. Michael Geylis
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  2. Tara Coreanu
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  4. Daniel Landau
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Correspondence to Michael Geylis.

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Geylis, M., Coreanu, T., Novack, V. et al. Risk factors for childhood chronic kidney disease: a population-based study. Pediatr Nephrol 38, 1569–1576 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-022-05714-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-022-05714-y

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