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Is laparoscopy a safe approach for diffuse appendicular peritonitis? Feasibility and determination of risk factors for post-operative intra-abdominal abscess

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Abstract

Background

Several studies have assessed feasibility and early outcomes of the laparoscopic approach for complicated appendicitis (CA). However, these studies suffer from limitations due to the heterogeneous definitions used for CA. No studies have assessed feasibility and early post-operative outcomes of the laparoscopic approach in the specific management of diffuse appendicular peritonitis (DAP). Consequently, outcomes of the laparoscopic approach for the management of DAP are poorly documented.

Methods

The laparoscopic approach is the first-line standardised procedure used by our team for the management of DAP. All patients (aged >16 years) who underwent laparoscopy for DAP (CA with the presence of purulent fluid with or without fibrin membranes in at least a hemi abdomen) between 2004 and 2012 were prospectively included. Post-operative outcomes were analysed according to the Clavien–Dindo classification.

Results

Laparoscopy for DAP was performed for 141 patients. Mean age was 39.6 ± 20 (16–92) years. A total of 45 patients (31.9 %) had pre-operative contracture. The mean pre-operative leukocyte count was 14,900 ± 4,380 mm−3. The mean pre-operative C-reactive protein (CRP) serum concentration was 135 ± 112 (2–418) mg/dl. The conversion rate was 3.5 %. The mean operative time was 80 ± 27 (20–180) min. There were no deaths. The rate of grade III morbidity was 6.5 %. Ten patients (7.1 %) experienced intra-abdominal abscess (IAA); seven of these cases were treated conservatively. The mean length of hospital stay was 6.9 ± 5 (2–36) days. A pre-operative leukocyte count >17,000 mm−3, and CRP serum concentration >200 mg/dl were significant predictive factors for IAA in multivariate analyses [odds ratio (OR) 25.0, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 2.4–250, p = 0.007 and OR 16.4, 95 % CI 1.6–166, p = 0.02, respectively].

Conclusion

The laparoscopic approach for DAP is a safe and feasible procedure with a low conversion rate and an acceptable rate of IAA in view of the severity of the disease. Pre-operative leukocyte counts >17,000 mm−3 and pre-operative CRP serum concentrations >200 mg/dl indicate a high risk of IAA.

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Disclosure

Jérémie Thereaux, Nicolas Veyrie, Nicola Corigliano, Stéphane Servajean, Sébastien Czernichow and Jean-Luc Bouillot have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of General, Digestive and Metabolic Surgery, Ambroise Paré University Hospital, Versailles Saint-Quentin University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 92100, Boulogne-Billancourt, France

    Jérémie Thereaux, Nicolas Veyrie, Nicola Corigliano, Stéphane Servajean & Jean-Luc Bouillot

  2. Department of Nutrition, Ambroise Paré University Hospital, Versailles Saint-Quentin University, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 92100, Boulogne-Billancourt, France

    Sébastien Czernichow

  3. Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, 948087, Villejuif, France

    Sébastien Czernichow

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  1. Jérémie Thereaux
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  2. Nicolas Veyrie
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Correspondence to Jérémie Thereaux.

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Thereaux, J., Veyrie, N., Corigliano, N. et al. Is laparoscopy a safe approach for diffuse appendicular peritonitis? Feasibility and determination of risk factors for post-operative intra-abdominal abscess. Surg Endosc 28, 1908–1913 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-013-3412-7

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